{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T13:11:52Z","timestamp":1700226712819},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,6]],"date-time":"2003-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1052179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the risk of liver disorders associated with cyproterone acetate combined with ethinyloestradiol (CPA\/EE). CPA\/EE is licensed in the UK for the treatment of women with acne and hirsutism and is a treatment option for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It acts as a contraceptive also.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the General Practice Research Database, we conducted a cohort analysis and case\u2010control study in women aged 15\u201339 with acne, hirsutism or PCOS to estimate the risk of liver disorders associated with CPA\/EE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with cases exposed to conventional combined oral contraceptives (COCs), the age\u2010adjusted incidence rate ratio for liver disorders in women using CPA\/EE was 1.7 (95%CI: 0.9,3.4) and compared with no use it was 1.5 (95%CI: 0.8, 2.8). In the case\u2010control study, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for liver disorders in women exposed to CPA\/EE was 1.6 (95%CI: 0.7, 3.5) and 0.8 (95%CI: 0.5, 1.3) for exposure to conventional COCs, compared with no use. The risk of liver disorders in women prescribed CPA\/EE was not significantly greater than that in women prescribed conventional COCs (OR: 2.1 [95%CI: 0.9, 4.8]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results do not indicate an increased risk for liver disorders associated with CPA\/EE use in women with acne, hirsutism or PCOS after adjusting for potential confounding. This may be due to lack of statistical power. Copyright \u00a9 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,16]],"date-time":"2003-09-16T13:34:48Z","timestamp":1063719288000},"page":"541-550","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The risk of liver disorders in women prescribed cyproterone acetate in combination with ethinyloestradiol (Dianette): a nested case\u2010control study using the GPRD"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"H. 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