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However, the relationship between ROP and anemia in infants is unclear across prospective and retrospective studies due to confounding from other comorbidities of prematurity and variable study designs. Molecular mechanisms that may underlie this association include tissue hypoxia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and the timing of onset of anemia relative to the phase of ROP. Furthermore, maternal or neonatal disruptions in iron homeostasis, leading to either iron deficiency or accumulation, have been associated with ROP. Further studies, including randomized clinical trials, are needed to better elucidate the association between ROP and anemia, as well as the impact of the timing of the onset of anemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ped4.12468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T11:08:31Z","timestamp":1738580911000},"page":"125-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anemia and retinopathy of prematurity: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Minali","family":"Prasad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dombrovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Union College  Schenectady New York 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