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As greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, global temperatures have increased by 0.6\u00b0C over the 20th century, with projections indicating further increases of 0.1\u00b0C\u20132\u00b0C per decade. These trends are expected to reduce crop productivity and food availability, potentially leaving up to three billion people undernourished by 2050. Therefore, diversification of agricultural cropping systems is crucial, especially through the incorporation of underutilized and resilient crops like millets. Millets, a group of small\u2010seeded grasses, exhibit tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stress and can thrive under harsh environmental conditions such as poor soil fertility, low rainfall, drought, and salinity, making them particularly suitable for climate\u2010vulnerable agro\u2010ecosystems. As C4 crops, they have high photosynthetic efficiency and shorter growth durations than many C3 staples. These small\u2010grain cereals are rich sources of gluten\u2010free proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, and essential minerals, and can contribute to improved nutritional security. Additionally, bioactive compounds present in grains offer therapeutic properties against various disorders and diseases, highlighting their promising nutraceutical potential. Furthermore, advances in biotechnological approaches, including molecular markers and genetic improvement techniques, offer opportunities to enhance stress tolerance and nutritional traits. This review provides insights into millets' role in food security, nutrition, and pharmaceuticals, examines their stress\u2010adaptive traits, and discusses advances in genomics and biotechnology. Although it integrates findings from previous studies, this review presents a new integrative perspective focused on enhancing millet cultivation within agricultural systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pei3.70128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T04:25:58Z","timestamp":1771647958000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of Millets for Food Security Under Climate Change"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8883-586X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bibas","family":"B.K.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2250-0858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sneha","family":"Dahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1463-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manisha","family":"Koirala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3375-8172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rashmi","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6606-2544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bishnu Prasad","family":"Kandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Lamjung Campus  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033\u2010014\u20103832\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9755\/EJFA.V25I7.12045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24327\/ijrsr.2019.1007.3786"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19080\/ijesnr.2024.33.556373"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"438","article-title":"Production and Consumption of Minor Millets in India\u2010A Structural Break Analysis","volume":"38","author":"Anbukkani P.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annals of Agricultural Research. 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