{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:07:48Z","timestamp":1788948468039,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/X011003\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/X011003\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/X01102X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/X01102X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/E\/JI\/23NB0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/JI\/23NB0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC\u20102019\u2010COG\u2010866328"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC\u20102019\u2010COG\u2010866328"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Enviro Interactions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Free\u2010air warming systems are essential for simulating climate change in field conditions, yet most are not designed to meet UK or EU health and safety standards. We present the design and field deployment of a hexagonal temperature\u2010free air controlled enhancement (T\u2010FACE) system that meets UK and EU health and safety requirements for outdoor electrical equipment, as advised by our institutional Health and Safety team. The system uses real\u2010time, temperature\u2010responsive control with multiple sensors to maintain a consistent temperature differential between heated and ambient temperature experimental plots, achieving a mean warming of +4\u00b0C against a target of +5\u00b0C. We describe its engineering design, performance, costs, and key operational challenges, particularly related to heater reliability under continuous use. We tested the T\u2010FACE system during the winter months of a field sown wheat crop. As a proof\u2010of\u2010concept, phenotypic evaluation in a single season showed preliminary effects of heating on heading date (7\u201314\u2009days earlier), plant height, spike length, and spikelet number, consistent with the system inducing biologically meaningful warming. This proof\u2010of\u2010concept provides a scalable, regulation\u2010compliant approach for studying crop responses to climate warming under realistic field conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pei3.70189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T09:22:03Z","timestamp":1788945723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design and Deployment of a Regulation\u2010Compliant Infrared Heating System for\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    Field Trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2037-0709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Faci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rogerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4936-1694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martyn","family":"Hewitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darryl","family":"Playford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6859-0105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antony N.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9814-1770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Crist\u00f3bal","family":"Uauy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koab119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10021\u2010004\u20100178\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI12142\u201017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041\u2010210X.13932"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5480.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2013.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.267.5199.876"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.57671"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201003065\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"108","volume-title":"Wheat Ear Sterility Project (WESP) No. PR599","author":"Hoad S.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102486.1998.00119.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.3780"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704\u2010011\u20100518\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102486.2007.01486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj14.0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"Sterility in Winter Wheat: Review of Occurrence in Different Varieties and Possible Causes","author":"Law C. 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