{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T07:15:37Z","timestamp":1788333337160,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/Z51441X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/Z51441X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10071841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10071841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10076759"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10076759"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011310","name":"Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JHI\u2010B1\u20106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JHI\u2010B1\u20106"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011310","name":"Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JHI\u2010B5\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JHI\u2010B5\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011310","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Enviro Interactions"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Global population growth and climate change are placing unprecedented pressure on food systems, threatening crop productivity and nutritional quality. Vertical farming, as a form of totally controlled\u2010environment agriculture, offers an innovative approach to optimizing plant growth and enhancing the quality of high\u2010value crops such as basil (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Ocimum basilicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    L.). The aim of this study was to compare the growth performance, antioxidant properties, and volatile profiles of four basil varieties\u2014Lemon Basil, Purple Basil, Sweet Basil, and Thai Basil\u2014grown in a vertical farm (VF) and in a traditional semi\u2010controlled glasshouse (GH). In both environments, plants were cultivated in soilless systems with manual fertigation. Plant height, dry weight percentage, and the reflectance indices NDVI and Greenness Index were measured as indicators of growth performance; total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were analyzed to evaluate antioxidant status, and headspace solid\u2010phase microextraction gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (HS\u2010SPME\u2010GC\u2010MS) was employed to characterize volatile compounds associated with the aroma of the crops. Depending on the basil variety, plants cultivated in VF generally exhibited enhanced growth compared to GH (up to 116% increase in plant height), increased antioxidant content (up to 88% higher TPC and up to 99% higher FRAP in VF), and greater accumulation of aromatic compounds (up to 120% larger summed peak area of the 50 most abundant volatile compounds in VF). These findings indicate that vertical farming can improve both growth and phytochemical quality of basil through precise environmental control, highlighting its potential for sustainable urban food production of high\u2010quality fresh produce.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pei3.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:46:56Z","timestamp":1788331616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vertical Farm Versus Glasshouse: Comparative Analysis of Growth, Antioxidants, and Volatile Profiles in Four Basil Varieties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9366-2884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Pi\u010dmanov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Growth Solutions  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidiya","family":"Babenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Growth Solutions  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3032-4492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yogeswari","family":"Rajarathinam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Pont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ceri","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanveer","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Growth Solutions  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2285-0124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordon","family":"McDougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Plant Growth Centre The James Hutton Institute  Dundee UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13172498"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12244148"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15487733.2017.1394054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy14010224"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1386988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1079\/9781780641034.0000","volume-title":"Greenhouse Technology and Management","author":"Castilla 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C.Harlan.1974.\u201cMonitoring the Vernal Advancement and Retrogradation (Green Wave Effect) of Natural Vegetation.\u201dNo. E75\u201010354."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2025.114549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.04.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2021.110486"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos13081258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae8010076"}],"container-title":["Plant-Environment Interactions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pei3.70204","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pei3.70204","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pei3.70204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:46:58Z","timestamp":1788331618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pei3.70204"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pei3.70204"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pei3.70204","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2575-6265","2575-6265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2575-6265","type":"print"},{"value":"2575-6265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70204"}}