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Decorin (DCN), a small leucine\u2010rich proteoglycan, a key ECM component involved in collagen fibrillogenesis, growth factor modulation, and cellular regulation, is essential for maintaining corneal transparency, wound healing, and preventing pathological fibrosis. DCN interacts with various target molecules, including transforming growth factor\u2010beta (TGF\u2010\u03b2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), influencing critical processes, such as cell proliferation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. These interactions underscore DCN's therapeutic potential in ocular disorders like corneal scarring, pterygium, and keratoconus. This review explores the structure, expression, and functions of DCN in the ocular surface, emphasizing its regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Recent advancements include gene therapy approaches, sustained release systems, and topical applications, each demonstrating significant promise in treating ocular surface diseases. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of DCN in ocular disorders, including congenital stromal corneal dystrophy (CSCD), KC, and pterygium. This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted roles of DCN, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in ocular surface therapy. Future directions for DCN research involve advanced delivery mechanisms, gene editing technologies, and expanded studies on other ocular surfaces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pgr2.70034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T07:09:57Z","timestamp":1753168197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Role of Decorin in the Ocular Surface: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Potential"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Kartik","family":"Goel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA"},{"name":"Eicher\u2010Shroff Centre for Stem cells research (ESC SCR) Dr. Shroff Charity Eye Hospital Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA"},{"name":"Eicher\u2010Shroff Centre for Stem cells research (ESC SCR) Dr. Shroff Charity Eye Hospital Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Rathore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases University of Manitoba  Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Sood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virender S.","family":"Sangwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eicher\u2010Shroff Centre for Stem cells research (ESC SCR) Dr. Shroff Charity Eye Hospital Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1857-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajiv R.","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Ophthalmology, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Medicine University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA"},{"name":"Harry S. 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