{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T16:01:39Z","timestamp":1781971299819,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]],"date-time":"2013-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess acute efficacy and safety of 9.75\u00a0mg of intramuscular (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) injections of the atypical antipsychiatric aripiprazole in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and acute agitation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Open\u2010label trial of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      injections of aripiprazole and 24\u2010hour monitoring of clinical response in patients with major psychoses and acute agitation. Partial analysis of blood levels of the administered drug to correlate with clinical response.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute psychiatric care wards in a single university hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 201 acutely agitated patients (79 with schizophrenia and 122 with bipolar disorder I).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Aripiprazole 9.75\u00a0mg\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      injection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We evaluated clinical response using the Excitatory Component of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANSS\u2010EC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), the Agitation\/Calmness Evaluation Scale (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACES<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and the Clinical Global Impressions scale (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). Assessments were conducted 30, 60, 90, and 120\u00a0minutes and 24\u00a0hours after the first injection for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANSS\u2010EC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACES<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and 2, 4, 6, and 24\u00a0hours for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Response was at least a 40% decrease in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANSS\u2010EC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scores. We measured serum aripiprazole and dehydroaripiprazole levels in a subsample. IM aripiprazole significantly improved clinical measures.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANSS\u2010EC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      improved progressively, starting after 30\u00a0minutes.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACES<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      improved after 90\u00a0minutes and continued thereafter. Effects were sustained, with steadily decreasing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scores, until the 24th hour. Response rate was 83.6% after 2\u00a0hours, but with repeat injections, it rose to over 90% with no differences among diagnostic groups. Although there were gender differences in the response to individual\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANSS\u2010EC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      items, the responses were similar overall. Neither clinical monitoring nor patient reporting revealed any side effects. No therapeutic window was identified, and levels did not correlate with any clinical measure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aripiprazole was effective and safe in reducing acute agitation in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Our results compare favorably to double\u2010blind trials, probably due to higher expectations in trials involving no placebo arm. Absence of side effects could be related to the short observation time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]],"date-time":"2013-03-15T15:23:55Z","timestamp":1363361035000},"page":"603-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Intramuscular Aripiprazole in the Acute Management of Psychomotor Agitation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Sergio","family":"De Filippis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine and Psychology Sapienza University Rome Italy"},{"name":"Clinica di Cura Neuropsichiatrica Villa von Siebenthal Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Cuomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica di Cura Neuropsichiatrica Villa von Siebenthal Rome 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