{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:14:17Z","timestamp":1781684057858,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,29]],"date-time":"2013-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Study Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify subgroups of premature infants who may benefit from palivizumab prophylaxis during nosocomial outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis using an artificial intelligence model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Level <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IIIB<\/jats:styled-content>, 35\u2010bed, neonatal intensive care unit (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content>) at a tertiary care hospital in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>nited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>rab <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>mirates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred seventy six premature infants, born at a gestational age of 22\u201334\u00a0weeks, and hospitalized during four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSV<\/jats:styled-content> outbreaks that occurred between April 2005 and July 2007.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected demographic and clinical data for each patient by using a standardized form. Input data consisted of seven categoric and continuous variables each. We trained, tested, and validated artificial neural networks for three outcomes of interest: mortality, days of supplemental oxygen, and length of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content> stay after the index case was identified. We compared variable impacts and performed reassignments with live predictions to evaluate the effect of palivizumab. Of the 176 infants, 31 (17.6%) received palivizumab during the outbreaks. All neural network configurations converged within 4\u00a0seconds in less than\u00a0400 training cycles. Infants who received palivizumab required supplemental oxygen for a shorter duration compared with controls (105.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.2\u00a0days vs 113.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.4\u00a0days, p=0.003). This benefit was statistically significant in male infants whose birth weight was less than 0.7\u00a0kg and who had hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Length of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NICU<\/jats:styled-content> stay after identification of the index case and mortality were independent of palivizumab use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Palivizumab may be an effective intervention during nosocomial outbreaks of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSV<\/jats:styled-content> in a subgroup of extremely low\u2010birth\u2010weight male infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,29]],"date-time":"2013-07-29T14:55:50Z","timestamp":1375109750000},"page":"251-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Palivizumab Prophylaxis during Nosocomial Outbreaks of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Predicting Effectiveness with an Artificial Neural Network Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Loai M.","family":"Saadah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Zayed Military Hospital Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fares D.","family":"Chedid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Tawam Hospital in affiliation with Johns Hopkins Medicine Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad R.","family":"Sohail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazied M.","family":"Nazzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Zayed Military Hospital Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed R.","family":"Al Kaabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Zayed Military Hospital Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiman Y.","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Tawam Hospital in affiliation with Johns Hopkins Medicine Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.3.531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.6.1442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Fact Sheet. 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