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Originally developed in the 1960s as a way to evade existing drug laws, the use of designer drugs has increased dramatically over the past few years. These drugs are deceptively packaged as \u201cresearch chemicals,\u201d \u201cincense,\u201d \u201cbath salts,\u201d or \u201cplant food,\u201d among other names, with labels that may contain warnings such as \u201cnot for human consumption\u201d or \u201cnot for sale to minors.\u201d The clinical effects of most new designer drugs can be described as either hallucinogenic, stimulant, or opioid\u2010like. They may also have a combination of these effects due to designer side\u2010chain substitutions. The easy accessibility and rapid emergence of new designer drugs have created challenges for health care providers when treating patients presenting with acute toxicity from these substances, many of which can produce significant and\/or life\u2010threatening adverse effects. Moreover, the health care provider has no way to verify the contents and\/or potency of the agent ingested because it can vary between packages and distributors. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the available designer drugs, common signs and symptoms of toxicity associated with these agents, and potential effective treatment modalities are essential to appropriately manage these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]],"date-time":"2014-04-08T02:12:42Z","timestamp":1396923162000},"page":"745-757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["<b>\u201c<\/b>Not for Human Consumption\u201d: A Review of Emerging Designer Drugs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Megan E.","family":"Musselman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine\/Critical Care North Kansas City Hospital Kansas City Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy P.","family":"Hampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri \u2014 Kansas City School of Pharmacy Kansas City Missouri"},{"name":"Emergency Medicine Truman Medical Center Kansas City Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"MadrasBK.Designer Drugs: An Escalating Public Health Challenge.2012. 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