{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T04:17:43Z","timestamp":1785557863017,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,26]],"date-time":"2017-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lixisenatide, a short\u2010acting glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content>), has been available in Europe since 2013 and was recently approved in the United States for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) as an adjunct to diet and exercise. The objective of this systematic review is to describe the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of lixisenatide in patients with T2D. We conducted a search of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMBASE<\/jats:styled-content> database, limited to human studies with abstracts available in English. Published conference abstracts, limited to the American Diabetes Association (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADA<\/jats:styled-content>) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes meetings in 2015, as well as abstracts presented at the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADA<\/jats:styled-content> meeting in 2016, were also screened. The abstracts retrieved were assessed for relevance; review articles and meta\u2010analyses focusing on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content>s as a class were excluded. Lixisenatide induced mean reductions of 0.46\u20130.99% in glycated hemoglobin A<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> (Hb<jats:sub>A1c<\/jats:sub>), 55.86\u2013143.43\u00a0mg\/dl in 2\u2010hour postprandial glucose (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPG<\/jats:styled-content>) levels, and 56.58\u2013127.75\u00a0mg\/dl in mealtime glucose level variations. Changes in fasting plasma glucose (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPG<\/jats:styled-content>) levels and weight ranged from \u221221.98 to +5.41\u00a0mg\/dl and from \u22122.96 to +0.3\u00a0kg, respectively, in patients with T2D enrolled in the GetGoal clinical program (a program of clinical trials that established the efficacy and safety profile of lixisenatide 20\u00a0\u03bcg once\/day across patients with T2D with differing background therapies). Lixisenatide was well tolerated, demonstrating rates of symptomatic hypoglycemia of 0.8\u201342.9% and a very low rate of severe hypoglycemia (&lt;\u00a01.5%) as well as no increased risk of cardiovascular events. The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal in nature, mainly transient nausea and vomiting of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate severity. Lixisenatide effectively lowers Hb<jats:sub>A1c<\/jats:sub> levels in patients with T2D through a mechanism of action complementary to that of agents that mainly target <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FPG<\/jats:styled-content>, with the additional benefit of weight loss. Its once\u2010daily administration schedule and effect on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPG<\/jats:styled-content> levels make it an attractive option as add\u2010on treatment to basal insulin therapy or oral antidiabetic agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,27]],"date-time":"2017-05-27T04:56:42Z","timestamp":1495861002000},"page":"927-943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Lixisenatide, a Once\u2010Daily Prandial Glucagon\u2010Like Peptide\u20101 Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Trujillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Aurora Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy MCPHS University Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.212283"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3754-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dcS13-2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12593"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"Lixisenatide prescribing information.2016. 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