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The workup of a patient presenting with hypoacusia includes the usual history and physical examination in conjunction with an audiometric assessment in order to categorize the hearing loss as conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss and autoimmune inner ear disease are acute and subacute forms of sensorineural hypoacusia most likely to be reversed with prompt pharmacological intervention. Systemic or local corticosteroid therapy has the most evidence of benefit in patients with sudden sensorineural hypoacusia and is the best available first line therapy noted in clinical practice guidelines. Alternative immunosuppressant therapies have not been well studied, and many have serious toxicities that further complicate the benefit\u2010risk assessment. There are no randomized comparisons of corticosteroid dosing regimens that evaluated clinically important outcomes, so expert opinion must serve as the basis for dosing recommendations. Clinicians need to involve patients with hypoacusia in the shared decision\u2010making process, since partial or complete reversal of hearing loss can have substantial quality\u2010of\u2010life implications for affected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T21:52:43Z","timestamp":1507672363000},"page":"1600-1616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Evaluation and Treatment of Acute and Subacute Hearing Loss: A Review of Pharmacotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5383-1997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam T.","family":"Fazel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice &amp; Science College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona Tucson Arizona"},{"name":"Department of Medicine College of Medicine \u2013 Tucson, University of Arizona Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Jedlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine \u2013 Tucson, University of Arizona Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Robert B.","family":"Cravens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tucson Ear, Nose &amp; Throat Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian L.","family":"Erstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice &amp; Science College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona Tucson Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD).Health Information. 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