{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T08:05:24Z","timestamp":1772697924958,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]],"date-time":"2018-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize the probability of testosterone escape during a course of radiotherapy and androgen deprivation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADT<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with prostate cancer, and examine predictors of testosterone escape, the prostate specific antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content>) levels during testosterone escape, and the impact of testosterone escape on outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To participate in the database review, necessary data included: (i) type of luteinizing hormone\u2010releasing hormone agonist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LHRH<\/jats:styled-content>a) administered, date of initiation, and date of cessation or duration of therapy, (ii) radiotherapy information (start date and dose) with at least 6 months of follow\u2010up after radiotherapy, (iii) radiotherapy to the prostate or prostate bed, and (iv) at least one serum testosterone and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content> measurement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred sixty patients in the database were identified as being treated with radiotherapy and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADT<\/jats:styled-content>. Three hundred seventy\u2010five patients had at least one measurement of testosterone and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content>, and the type of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LHRH<\/jats:styled-content>a used could be determined in 361 patients. Median follow\u2010up of patients still living was 4.7 years. The median number of testosterone measurements per patient was six. The incidence of testosterone escape per patient course of treatment was buserelin, 9.3%; goserelin, 10.5%; intramuscular leuprolide, 11.5%; leuprolide subcutaneous, 23.9%; and triptorelin, 6.7% (p = 0.02). There was no difference in either biochemical failure\u2010free survival or overall survival in patients stratified by testosterone escape. The modal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content> level during a testosterone escape was an undetectable <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An undetectable <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSA<\/jats:styled-content> does not rule out the presence of higher than desired levels of testosterone during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADT<\/jats:styled-content>. In this cohort of patients, there appears to be no impact of testosterone escape on either biochemical relapse\u2010free survival or overall survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,16]],"date-time":"2018-01-16T11:06:39Z","timestamp":1516100799000},"page":"327-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Testosterone Suppression with Luteinizing Hormone\u2010Releasing Hormone (<scp>LHRH<\/scp>) Agonists in Patients Receiving Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1803-5765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derek","family":"Wilke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikhilesh","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Hollenhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bowes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Rutledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casely","family":"Ago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology QE II Health Sciences Centre Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000093907"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.2973"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11190.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1503747"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01037-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.7510"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1201546"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fphar.2084","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.2084","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T12:01:21Z","timestamp":1761048081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/phar.2084"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/phar.2084"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.2084","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}