{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:15:17Z","timestamp":1791357317546,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of intravenous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>) lidocaine for the treatment of acute pain in adult patients. The PubMed database was searched for randomized controlled trials, retrospective cohort studies, case series, and case reports evaluating the use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> lidocaine for the treatment of acute pain in adult patients, published between January 1970 and January 2018. The primary outcome was pain reduction via the Visual Analog Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, or Numeric Rating Scale among patients treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> lidocaine and placebo or active controls. Safety outcomes included both nonserious and serious adverse events. A total of 347 titles and abstracts were screened, and after full\u2010text review, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria involving 512 patients. The four active controls studied were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> morphine, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> ketorolac, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> dihydroergotamine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DHE<\/jats:styled-content>), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> chlorpromazine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPZ<\/jats:styled-content>). The dosing of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> lidocaine varied among studies between a weight\u2010based dose of a 1\u2010 to 2\u2010mg\/kg bolus, a fixed\u2010bolus dose of 50\u2013100\u00a0mg, and a 1\u2010mg\/kg\/hour continuous infusion. Monitoring of serum lidocaine concentrations was not done routinely. Intravenous lidocaine had superior efficacy to morphine for renal colic and critical limb ischemia, superior efficacy to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DHE<\/jats:styled-content> for acute migraine, and equivalent efficacy to ketorolac for acute radicular lower back pain. However, lidocaine was less effective than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPZ<\/jats:styled-content> for the treatment of acute migraine. The most common adverse event reported among all studies were neurologic effects such as altered mental status and slurred speech. Due to the inconsistency in dosing, length of administration, and lack of serum monitoring, the absolute safety of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> lidocaine for acute pain is unknown. Larger, prospective studies are needed before the routine use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> lidocaine can be recommended for all types of acute pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,10]],"date-time":"2018-10-10T14:58:15Z","timestamp":1539183495000},"page":"1250-1259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Intravenous Lidocaine for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1621-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalila","family":"Masic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola University Medical Center Maywood 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