{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T23:11:21Z","timestamp":1767136281056,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Calcium channels play a significant role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. This study investigates associations between calcium channel blocker (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) use and the incidence of prostate cancer (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A nested case\u2010control study was conducted using the Clalit Health Services database. We formed a population\u2010based cohort of patients who were prescribed their first antihypertensive agent between 2000 and 2014. For each newly diagnosed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a case in the cohort, 10 controls were matched by age, calendar year of cohort entry, and duration of follow\u2010up. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the odds ratios (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a among\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      users compared with users of other antihypertensive drugs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 4346 patients with newly diagnosed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a during the median follow\u2010up of 5.3\u00a0years. The exposure to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s was associated with a slight increase in risk for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.10, 95% confidence interval [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI]<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.02\u20131.18) when compared with non\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      antihypertensive drugs. In secondary analyses, evidence was found of a duration\u2010response relationship, with the association for\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a increasing by 27% for every 10\u2010year increment of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      use (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.27, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.04\u20131.56).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results of this large population\u2010based study indicate a modest but significant increase in the risk of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      a among\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      users, and the risk increases with duration of use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,27]],"date-time":"2019-03-27T21:45:56Z","timestamp":1553723156000},"page":"690-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Calcium Channel Blocker Use and the Risk for Prostate Cancer: A Population\u2010Based Nested Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4365-4528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Rotshild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research School of Pharmacy and The David R. Bloom Center of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Azoulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Oncology Department Lady Davis Institute Jewish General Hospital Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilan","family":"Feldhamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Information Department Chief Physician Office Clalit Health Services Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-7995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amichai","family":"Perlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research School of Pharmacy and The David R. Bloom Center of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mordechai","family":"Muszkat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hadassah University Hospital Mt. Scopus Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilan","family":"Matok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research School of Pharmacy and The David R. Bloom Center of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"GLOBACAN.Lung Source 2018. Available fromhttp:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today. Published 2018. Accessed October 10 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Israeli Ministry of Health.The cancer incidence and death rate 2015. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.health.gov.il\/PublicationsFiles\/cancer2015_29012018.pdf. Published 2018. Accessed January 15 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2013.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-015-3311-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2016.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990515)85:10<2093::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986709787002835"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2006.04.029"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)37135-2","article-title":"Ca2+ channel blockers verapamil and nifedipine inhibit apoptosis induced by 25\u2010hydroxycholesterol in human aortic smooth muscle cells","volume":"38","author":"Ares MPS","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.10.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"SharabiY Ben DovI.Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Adult Population. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.ima.org.il\/userfiles\/image\/clinical_04_bloodpressure.pdf. Published 2013. Accessed April 17 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-011-9819-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CACO.0000036152.58271.5e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10294"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7061(96)00186-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)80084-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(98)00176-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1656"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(02)00157-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-03-0093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.3968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-008-9280-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4501003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.13.1000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.08.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","unstructured":"RafaelaC RabinH.Membership in National Health Organizations 2016.National Insurance Institute of Israel. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.btl.gov.il\/Publications\/survey\/Documents\/seker289\/seker_289.pdf. Published 2016. Accessed October 31 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","unstructured":"Online ICD9\/ICD9CM codes. Available fromhttp:\/\/icd9.chrisendres.com\/index.php?action=contents. Accessed February 3 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-016-8885-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","unstructured":"WHOCC \u2013 ATC\/DDD Index. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.whocc.no\/atc_ddd_index\/. Accessed March 16 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","unstructured":"Drug Database Ministry of Health Israel. Available fromhttp:\/\/www.old.health.gov.il\/units\/pharmacy\/trufot\/Ycran_ListN.asp?Letter=C0&Sr_Type=ATC&p=1&safa=h. Accessed February 3 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2017.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199611000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","unstructured":"OpenEpi\u2010Dose Response: Chi Square for Trend. Available fromhttp:\/\/www.openepi.com\/DoseResponse\/DoseResponse.htm. Accessed February 19 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050893"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04277-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1230"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074262"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2317","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,18]],"date-time":"2019-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566086400000}}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.2266","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/phar.2266","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.2266","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T16:49:11Z","timestamp":1761065351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/phar.2266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/phar.2266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.2266","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}