{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:54:11Z","timestamp":1786978451633,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31371509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31371509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the impact of pre\u2010hospital ACEI and ARB exposure on the prognosis of ARF patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single\u2010center retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care\u2010III (MIMIC\u2010III) database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patients meeting ICD\u20109 code of acute respiratory failure were enrolled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary exposure was the pre\u2010hospital exposure of ACEI and ARB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurement and main results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The primary outcome was in\u2010hospital mortality. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent effect of ACEI\/ARB exposure on mortality. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was adopted to reduce bias of the confounders. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to test the stability of the conclusion. 5335 adult ARF patients were enrolled. Mortality was significantly decreased in patients with ACEI\/ARB exposure before and after PSM, and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ACEI\/ARB exposure was 0.56 (95% CI 0.43\u20130.72). In the subgroup analysis, ACEI\/ARB lost its protective effect in young subgroup, but no significant interaction was found between ACEI\/ARB exposure and age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.082). The point estimation and lower 95% limit of E\u2010value was 2.97 and 2.12. In sensitivity analysis, ACEI\/ARB exposure showed similar effect in ARDS cohort, but no significantly difference was found in the MIMIC\u2010IV database, which may be explained by small sample size of the ACEI\/ARB group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients with acute respiratory failure, pre\u2010hospital ACEI\/ARB exposure was associated with better outcomes and acted as an independent factor. The relationship between ACEI\/ARB and prognosis of ARF is worth investigating further.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,28]],"date-time":"2022-03-28T15:23:40Z","timestamp":1648481020000},"page":"387-396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A propensity score\u2010matching analysis of angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker exposure on in\u2010hospital mortality in patients with acute respiratory failure"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6051-5274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Peng","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5113-1420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"},{"name":"Shantou University Medical College  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.4.1100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0008-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.10.815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335467"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1769","article-title":"COVID\u201019 and angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: what is the evidence","volume":"323","author":"Patel AB","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M002615200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4266\/kjccm.2016.00976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.619524"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339789"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201808-564PS"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318225c2be"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.08.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-6624"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","unstructured":"JohnsonA BulgarelliL PollardT HorngS CeliLA MarkR.MIMIC\u2010IV (version 1.0). 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