{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T01:36:58Z","timestamp":1770687418439,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pneumonia is a global disorder and a common reason for prolonged hospitalization. Angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) have pleiotropic effects that support a role in modulating pneumonia, but results have been controversial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study was conducted to elucidate an ACEi\u2010induced pneumonia benefit in at\u2010risk neurologically impaired population and to determine whether a mortality benefit exists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cohort study using a large health\u2010system of 29,011 unique ACEi users and 1635 case patients 65\u2009years of age or older without neurological disorders affecting swallowing who were admitted with community\u2010acquired pneumonia hospitalization and followed up from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 (5\u2009years). The association between ACEi use and pneumonia hospitalization and mortality were determined after propensity score matching using Cox and logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experimental cohort was 74.9\u00a0\u00b1\u20097.3\u2009years and 51% were male. ACEi users had lower odds of acquiring pneumonia versus ACEi non\u2010users (odds ratio) 0.72 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.51 to 0.99]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.048. The risk of short\u2010term mortality (&lt;30\u2009days) (HR) 0.42, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and long\u2010term mortality (\u226530\u00a0day) (HR) 0.83, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.002 was significantly lower for ACEi users compared with the ACEi non\u2010users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>ACEi use in patients at risk of pneumonia without neurological swallowing disorders is associated with reduction in hospitalization and lowering of short\u2010 and long\u2010term mortality. Given the high incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with pneumonia, and the susceptibility in older populations with underlying cardiovascular or renal disease or social dependencies, our data support the prescribing of ACEi in these populations to reduce pneumonia hospitalization risk as well as short\u2010 and long\u2010term mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T05:43:21Z","timestamp":1666590201000},"page":"890-897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors reduce <scp>community\u2010acquired<\/scp> pneumonia hospitalization and mortality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Donald P.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3379-9261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy A.","family":"Nickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anindit","family":"Chhibber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Stoddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph E.","family":"Biskupiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-1898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Munger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61459-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"RegunathH ObaY.Community\u2010acquired pneumonia. 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