{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T19:40:55Z","timestamp":1761162055719,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Concerns have been raised regarding proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019). Observational studies have yielded heterogeneous results and were subject to important methodological limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association between the receipt of PPIs and risk of COVID\u201019 hospitalizations and severe in\u2010hospital outcomes or death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Case\u2013control study among Medicare fee\u2010for\u2010service beneficiaries 66+ years old with gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD). Within this population, we identified cases by an incident hospital discharge diagnosis of COVID\u201019 from April 1 to December 11, 2020, using the\n                      <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ICD\u201010\u2010CM) U07.1, and randomly selected up to 10 controls per case, matched on date and neighborhood. We defined PPI use as a prescription providing \u226515\u2009days of supply in the 30\u2009days before admission, with H2\u2010receptor antagonist (H2RA) use as the reference to account for indication. We analyzed uncomplicated hospitalizations and hospitalizations with severe outcomes (intensive\/coronary care unit admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death), estimating odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with multinomial conditional logistic regression adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, chronic medications, and health care utilization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We matched 25,867 uncomplicated and 12,954 severe hospitalized COVID\u201019 cases to 146,972 and 73,104 controls, respectively. Cases tended to be older and have more comorbidities. Relative to H2RA use, we found no association of PPI use with uncomplicated COVID\u201019 hospitalization (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93\u20131.06) or severe COVID\u201019 hospitalization (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.91\u20131.10).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relative to H2RA use, PPI use was not associated with uncomplicated or severe COVID\u201019 hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with GERD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.4614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T01:34:18Z","timestamp":1729301658000},"page":"803-810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of proton pump inhibitors and risk of severe COVID\u201019: A case\u2013control study in United States Medicare beneficiaries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Mosholder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hector S.","family":"Izurieta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6530-9407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanlai","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandia","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wernecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiwei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoganand","family":"Chillarige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armen","family":"Avagyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Leishear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Forshee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"MaCurdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acumen, LLC  Burlingame California USA"},{"name":"Department of Economics Stanford University  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Kelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Accessed March 30 2023.https:\/\/coronavirus.jhu.edu\/us\u2010map."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1236-3041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43440-021-00263-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Acid suppressant use in association with incidence and severe outcomes of COVID\u201019: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"1","author":"Kim HB","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19478-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.11.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.05.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v10.i23.8170"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52547\/rabms.8.2.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2022-326952"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2022.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.20323"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.ICD\u201010\u2010CM Official Coding Guidelines\u2014Supplement Coding encounters related to COVID\u201019 Coronavirus Outbreak Effective: February 20 2020.2020Accessed August 2 2024.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/icd\/ICD\u201010\u2010CM\u2010Official\u2010Coding\u2010Gudance\u2010Interim\u2010Advice\u2010coronavirus\u2010feb\u201020\u20102020.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471249688"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000798"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13121"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.1820"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322248"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.4614","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T16:46:46Z","timestamp":1761065206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/phar.4614"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/phar.4614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.4614","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0277-0008"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1875-9114"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}