{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T16:57:06Z","timestamp":1767373026778,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To compare outcomes of oral switch versus intravenous antibiotics for the treatment of carbapenem\u2010resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRPA) infections at hospital discharge.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Institutional review board approved, retrospective cohort of adults infected with CRE or CRPA who received oral switch or intravenous antibiotics at hospital discharge from January 1, 2017, to April 30, 2024. Patients were included if they were eligible for oral switch and infected with an isolate susceptible to one or more oral antibiotics; non\u2010bacteremic urinary tract infections were excluded. The primary outcome was 30\u2010day clinical success at end of therapy, defined as lack of infection\u2010related hospitalization, infection\u2010related recurrence, or change\/escalation of therapy. Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS) and 30\u2010day all\u2010cause mortality from end of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010five patients were included; 51% received oral switch antibiotics and 49% received intravenous antibiotics. Thirty\u2010three percent of patients had CRE, 67% had CRPA, and 38% of cultures were polymicrobial. The most common infection types were pneumonia (33%), intra\u2010abdominal (26%), and bone\/joint (22%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) duration of outpatient therapy was 12 (6\u201325) days versus 20 (4\u201334) days for the oral switch and intravenous antibiotic groups, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.341). 30\u2010day clinical success was 61% in the oral switch and 48% in the intravenous antibiotic groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.349); the median (IQR) hospital LOS for the oral switch and intravenous antibiotic groups was 14 (9\u201325) days and 16 (9\u201349) days, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.165); 30\u2010day mortality was 4% in the oral switch group and 15% in the intravenous antibiotic group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.193).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A limited sample of patients who received oral switch antibiotics had similar outcomes to intravenous outpatient treatment of carbapenem\u2010resistant organisms, with a shorter hospital LOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.70012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T05:36:07Z","timestamp":1746768967000},"page":"244-250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Retrospective cohort study of oral switch versus intravenous antibiotics for carbapenem\u2010resistant enterobacterales and\n                    <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>\n                    infections on hospital discharge"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Christen J.","family":"Arena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Abed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geehan","family":"Suleyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Shallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7521-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan L.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-5211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael P.","family":"Veve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Henry Ford Hospital  Detroit Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Wayne State University  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.bacterial priority pathogens 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Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","year":"2024","author":"CLSI","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"American Hospital Association.New AHA report finds delays in ability to discharge patients increase strain on patients and hospitals.https:\/\/www.aha.org\/press\u2010releases\/2022\u201012\u201006\u2010new\u2010aha\u2010report\u2010finds\u2010delays\u2010ability\u2010discharge\u2010patients\u2010increase\u2010strain\u2010patients\u2010and\u2010hospitals"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70168"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab842"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2022.326"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship. CDC.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/antibiotic\u2010use\/hcp\/core\u2010elements\/outpatient\u2010antibiotic\u2010stewardship.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2114046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1710926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"Ali HaiderM.Exploring Oral Antibiotics for CRE: Strategic Considerations. IDSA Home.https:\/\/www.idsociety.org\/science\u2010speaks\u2010blog\/2024\/exploring\u2010oral\u2010antibiotics\u2010for\u2010cre\u2010strategic\u2010considerations\/#\/+\/0\/publishedDate_na_dt\/desc\/"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.70012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T18:03:04Z","timestamp":1761069784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/phar.70012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/phar.70012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.70012","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0277-0008"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1875-9114"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}