{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:51:01Z","timestamp":1774435861738,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020353","name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020353","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remain at high risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) despite contemporary preventive pharmacotherapy. Although commonly used in practice, it is uncertain whether P2Y12 inhibitors reduce MACE in patients post\u2010CABG surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective, population\u2010based cohort study evaluated the effect of exposure to P2Y12 inhibitors, versus no exposure, on MACE using linked administrative databases that included all cardiac revascularization procedures, hospitalizations, and prescriptions for the population of British Columbia, Canada. All adults who underwent CABG surgery from 2002 to 2020 were eligible. The primary outcome was time to MACE, defined as a composite of all\u2010cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal ischemic stroke using Cox proportional hazards models with inverse probability treatment weighting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included were 15,439 patients. Mean age was 66\u2009years, and 83% were male. Fifty\u2010seven percent had a previous myocardial infarction. Sixteen percent were prescribed a P2Y12 inhibitor (of which, 83% were prescribed clopidogrel) within 30\u2009days of CABG surgery. Median exposure time was 23\u2009months. After probability\u2010weighting and adjustment for relevant covariates, exposure to P2Y12 inhibitors reduced the 1\u2010 and 5\u2010year hazard of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27\u20130.55 and HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54\u20130.79, respectively). Exposure to P2Y12 inhibitors was also associated with a lower hazard of all\u2010cause death, cardiovascular death, and an extended MACE outcome that included unstable angina and percutaneous coronary intervention. Adherence to P2Y12 inhibitor therapy, based on the proportion of days covered, did not affect these outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this population\u2010based cohort study, use of P2Y12 inhibitors reduced the hazard of MACE in patients post\u2010CABG surgery at 1 and 5\u2009years of follow\u2010up. These results support the use of P2Y12 inhibitors (primarily clopidogrel), in addition to other standard cardiovascular preventive therapy, in patients who undergo CABG surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.70047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T11:03:02Z","timestamp":1753700582000},"page":"557-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of P2Y12 Inhibitors on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Population\u2010Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0287-898X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arden R.","family":"Barry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Jim Pattison Outpatient Care and Surgery Centre Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services  Surrey British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7739-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Helisaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GranTAZ Consulting  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Applied Science The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9715-3086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdollah","family":"Safari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, College of Science University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-6438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter S.","family":"Loewen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000182"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"e362","article-title":"2013 ACCF\/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST\u2010Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"127","author":"O'Gara P. 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