{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T04:14:31Z","timestamp":1783743271906,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Intravenous magnesium is commonly used in critically ill patients; however, data on the serum level response following its administration are limited. This study aimed to evaluate serum magnesium changes after administration of intravenous magnesium sulfate (IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n ) and identify predictors of a greater response among critically ill patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:title>\n \n This retrospective multicenter study included adult critically ill patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV and eICU databases. Patients were included if they received IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n and had serum magnesium measured within 36\u2009h before and after administration. Patients receiving renal replacement therapy, total parenteral nutrition, magnesium\u2010containing intravenous fluids, or oral magnesium supplementation were excluded. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of greater magnesium response.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The study included 25,637 patients who received 54,556 doses of IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n . The mean age was 62.8\u2009\u00b1\u200916.5 Standard deviation years, and 13,180 (51.4%) were females. The most common intensive care unit admission diagnoses were cardiovascular (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20097399; 28.9%) and respiratory (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20094245; 16.6%). Baseline magnesium levels were normal in 39,149 (71.8%) episodes, mild\u2010to\u2010moderate hypomagnesemia in 13,588 (24.9%), and severe hypomagnesemia in 1819 (3.3%). Median serum magnesium increased by 0.15\u2009mg\/dL (interquartile range (IQR) 0.05\u20130.25) per 1\u2009g of IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n administered, and the greatest increase was observed in patients with severe hypomagnesemia (median [IQR]: 0.25\u2009mg\/dL [0.10\u20130.50]), followed by mild\u2010to\u2010moderate hypomagnesemia (median [IQR]: 0.22\u2009mg\/dL [0.10\u20130.40]). Predictors of greater response to IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n were lower initial magnesium (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.2035; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.193 to 0.214;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) and reduced renal function (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.2557; 95% CI: 0.212 to 0.300;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Among a large cohort of critically ill patients, 1\u2009g of IV\u2010MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n was associated with a median serum magnesium increase of 0.15\u2009mg\/dL. Lower initial magnesium and reduced renal function were predictors of greater serum magnesium increase with intravenous replacement.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.70175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T08:15:16Z","timestamp":1781079316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantifying the Serum Magnesium Response and Predictors of Response Following Intravenous Magnesium Replacement in Critically Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6055-1371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naheel","family":"Said","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovani","family":"Angelotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland Lugano Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-4970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wedad","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9377-6822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma'a","family":"Al\u2010Kharabsheh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5668-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An\u2010Kwok Ian","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine Duke University Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Division of Translational Biomedical Informatics, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7550-4751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lama","family":"Nazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7095388"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndtplus\/sfr163"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9041694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6650620"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198501000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia in Critically Ill Medical Patients","volume":"59","author":"Limaye C. S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","article-title":"Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in ICU Patients at a Tertiary Care Center: A Prospective Observational Study","volume":"17","author":"Shekhar S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Effect of Hypomagnesemia on Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Study","volume":"9","author":"Zeineldin K. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Egyptian College of Critical Care Physicians"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000769"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/UPO9780987073051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066604271539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0704(18)30334-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0704(05)70157-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007070792"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp040300"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066617720631"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/joacp.JOACP_530_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01899-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2018.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201030444\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9101373"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5049\/EBP.2010.8.2.72"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Hypomagnesemia in the ICU\u2010Does Correction Matter?","volume":"64","author":"Charles B. S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"}],"container-title":["Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.70175","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/phar.70175","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/phar.70175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T04:01:50Z","timestamp":1783742510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/phar.70175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/phar.70175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/phar.70175","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-0008","1875-9114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70175"}}