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We show that among copper deficiency\u2010caused defects in\n                    <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic>\n                    were also the increased shoot branching, delayed flowering and senescence, and entirely abolished gynoecium fertility. The increased shoot branching of copper\u2010deficient plants was rescued by the exogenous application of auxin or copper. The delayed flowering was associated with the decreased expression of the floral activator,\n                    <jats:italic>FT<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Copper deficiency also decreased the expression of senescence\u2010associated genes,\n                    <jats:italic>WRKY53<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>SAG13<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but increased the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>SAG12<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The reduced fertility of copper\u2010deficient plants stemmed from multiple factors including the abnormal stigma papillae development, the abolished gynoecium fertility, and the failure of anthers to dehisce. The latter defect was associated with reduced lignification, the upregulation of copper microRNAs and the downregulation of their targets, laccases, implicated in lignin synthesis. Copper\u2010deficient plants accumulated ROS in pollen and had reduced cytochrome\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    oxidase activity in both leaves and floral buds. This study opens new avenues for the investigation into the relationship between copper homeostasis, hormone\u2010mediated shoot architecture, gynoecium fertility, and copper deficiency\u2010derived nutritional signals leading to the delay in flowering and senescence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pld3.288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]],"date-time":"2020-11-29T10:05:46Z","timestamp":1606644346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Copper deficiency alters shoot architecture and reduces fertility of both gynoecium and androecium in\n                    <i>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Rahmati Ishka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2713-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olena K.","family":"Vatamaniuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA"},{"name":"Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801406200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"Copper deficiency induced changes in wheat anther","volume":"46","author":"Agarwala S. 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