{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T09:07:46Z","timestamp":1780045666365,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Direct"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The chemical phenotype (chemotype) of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Cannabis sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is defined by the ratio of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) to \u03949\u2010tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Although the Mendelian segregation of these traits suggests a single\u2010locus biallelic system, recent sequencing and phylogenetic evidence indicate they are encoded by two distinct, tightly linked genes. The precise genomic architecture of this region, known as the\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus, has remained poorly defined. In this study, we analyzed recently released high\u2010quality\n                    <jats:italic>Cannabis<\/jats:italic>\n                    reference genomes to resolve the structure of the\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus. Our results demonstrate that this region functions as a supergene, characterized by suppressed recombination that facilitates Mendelian\u2010like switching between phenotypic states. Comparative genomic analysis reveals substantial structural polymorphism within the locus, including significant variations in gene copy number and large\u2010scale insertions\/deletions (indels). Furthermore, we functionally characterized three previously unstudied members of the cannabinoid oxidocyclase family. We find that these enzymes primarily catalyze the production of cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), reinforcing the model that cannabinoid profile is dictated specifically by the presence and expression of THCAS or CBDAS. Finally, we mapped the expression profile of the entire berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) family, identifying widespread expression across plant tissues, including in glandular trichomes. Collectively, these findings resolve the genomic architecture of the\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus, clarify the enzymatic basis of cannabinoid profile determination, and establish a framework for understanding the evolutionary maintenance of chemotype diversity in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pld3.70166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:21:31Z","timestamp":1777508491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Structure of the Chemotype Determining Locus in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Cannabis sativa<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0752-4141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Front Range Biosciences  Lafayette Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3631-3079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Front Range Biosciences\/Cannabis Research Institute at Discovery Partners Institute University of Illinois  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5902-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reginald","family":"Gaudino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Front Range Biosciences\/Cannabis Research Institute at Discovery Partners Institute University of Illinois  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/PP.20.00593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201053023\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/PLANTS8110496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ABB.2017.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/GENETICS\/163.1.335"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOPSYCH.2016.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3172"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/PLANTS10091857\/S1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2021.1901648"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/NPH.17243"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6NP00074F"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"Harris R.2007.Improved Pairwise Alignment of Genomic DNA\u2014ProQuest.https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/openview\/bc77cca0fb9390b44b9ef572fb574322\/1?cbl=18750&pq\u2010origsite=gscholar."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826070500187558"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41587\u2010019\u20100201\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/GR.242594.118\/\u2010\/DC1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/BIOINFORMATICS\/BTP352"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20101\u201061779\u2010564\u20100_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010025\u201009065\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2016.1265363\/SUPPL_FILE\/BPTS_A_1265363_SM2607.DOCX"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031\u20109422(98)00278\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2015.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPHAR.2020.00063\/BIBTEX"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EXPNEUROL.2022.114240"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edn: By J. 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