{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T22:52:03Z","timestamp":1786488723372,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010MH083830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010MH083830"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Personality &amp; Mental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We review evidence establishing important parallels between the general structure of psychopathology, the more specific structure of personality pathology and the structure of normal\u2010range personality. We then present data to explicate the nature of associations between the alternative model of personality disorder (AMPD)\u2014as operationalized by the Personality Inventory for <jats:italic>DSM\u20105<\/jats:italic>\u2014and the domains and facets subsumed within the five\u2010factor model of personality. Our data demonstrate substantial links between four of the five domains within these models but also indicate that the AMPD could be realigned to enhance its convergence with the five\u2010factor model of personality. Based on our data, we tentatively propose an expanded four\u2010facet model of AMPD Negative Affectivity (Anxiousness, Depressivity, Hostility and Emotional Lability); an alternative bipolar scheme for Detachment that includes two positively keyed (Withdrawal and Anhedonia) and two negatively keyed (Risk Taking and Attention Seeking) facets; a broader five\u2010facet model of Antagonism (Deceitfulness, Manipulativeness, Callousness, Grandiosity and Suspiciousness); and a reduced two\u2010facet model of Disinhibition (Irresponsibility and Impulsivity). These alternative scores generally showed superior convergent and discriminant validity when compared with current measures of the AMPD domains but also raise other issues. Our findings highlight the strong overlap between normal and pathological personality and clarify the nature of the associations between them. \u00a9 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T04:58:37Z","timestamp":1563253117000},"page":"51-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Personality traits as an organizing framework for personality pathology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9605-0576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Watson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Notre Dame  Notre Dame IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2571-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee Anna","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Notre Dame  Notre Dame IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000258"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpsp.12164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702618797105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.88.1.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa8403_05"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pspp0000096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191117711022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2017.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-013-0770-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.2.216"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709990183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000252"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2013.823438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020327"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-014-1004-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709990298"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2011.577478"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709990328"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002674"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.57.102904.190200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191113485810"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.International Classification of Diseases Version 11 for Mortality and Morbidity (ICD\u201011 MMS) 2018. Available athttps:\/\/icd.who.int\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20533"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61995-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","unstructured":"ClarkLA.Personality trait pathology personality dysfunction and daily functioning: What's shared and what's distinct? Keynote address presented at the XVth Congress of the International Society for the Study of Personality Disorder; Heidelberg Germany 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027669"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191113486183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Handbook of Personality","author":"John OP","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116659134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2005.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","volume-title":"Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO\u2010PI\u2010R) and NEO Five\u2010Factor Inventory (NEO\u2010FFI) Professional Manual","author":"Costa PT","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cns0000038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2012.26.5.641"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2019.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2014_28_128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2011.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721412470133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.76.5.820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191114528030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","first-page":"325","volume-title":"Integrated Modular Treatment for Personality Disorder","author":"Lynch TR","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2011.577475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868310361240"}],"container-title":["Personality and Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmh.1458","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pmh.1458","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmh.1458","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T09:31:19Z","timestamp":1694079079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pmh.1458"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pmh.1458"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmh.1458","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-8621","1932-863X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-8621","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-863X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}