{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:29:30Z","timestamp":1792690170181,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Personality &amp; Mental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Targeting self\u2010criticism, the tendency to negatively evaluate and judge aspects of oneself, may improve treatment efficacy for personality disorders (PDs). This study aimed to test whether adding 12\u2010week group compassion\u2010focused therapy (CFT) that explicitly targets self\u2010criticism to treatment as usual (TAU) would reduce self\u2010criticism in patients with PDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve patients with PDs participated in a multiple baseline study, randomly allocated to different baseline lengths. The primary outcome was twice\u2010weekly assessed self\u2010critical beliefs during baseline, treatment, and follow\u2010up phases. Secondary outcomes were self\u2010criticism, self\u2010compassion, and PD severity at the end of CFT and follow\u2010up (trial registered: NL8131).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Nine participants completed the intervention. No significant changes were observed during CFT, but at follow\u2010up significant decrease in self\u2010critical beliefs (Cohen's <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.43; 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.73 to \u22120.12) was reported compared to baseline. On secondary outcomes, most participants showed reliable improvement on self\u2010reported criticism (66.7%) and self\u2010compassion (55.6%), and a minority of patients showed reliable improvement in PD severity (33.3%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study seems to provide preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of 12\u2010week CFT for self\u2010critical beliefs in patients with PDs compared to TAU. CFT for self\u2010criticism in PDs may complement treatment offerings and warrant further research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T09:49:15Z","timestamp":1699523355000},"page":"69-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effectiveness of compassion\u2010focused therapy for self\u2010criticism in patients with personality disorders: a multiple baseline case series study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Silvia M.","family":"Pol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GGNet Group for Mental Health Care in East\u2010Gelderland and Zutphen, Scelta  Zutphen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GGNet Group for Mental Health Care in East\u2010Gelderland and Zutphen, Scelta  Zutphen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hester","family":"Trompetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology Tilburg University Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences  Tilburg The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernst T.","family":"Bohlmeijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology, Health &amp; Technology University of Twente Faculty of Behaviourial, Management and Social sciences  Enschede The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Chakhssi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GGNet Group for Mental Health Care in East\u2010Gelderland and Zutphen, Scelta  Zutphen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Dimence Groep  Deventer The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116676889"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2018.1428984"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025754"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191115575069"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53841\/bpscpr.2015.30.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2011.583808"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000956"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2013.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2015.1044583"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2017.1401115"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmh.1438"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2019_33_439"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.4287"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7916(00)00012-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856218797418"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941211000661"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.2.372"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.42.4.930"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00220970209599504"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2010.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/ijct.2010.3.2.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40639-017-0033-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","volume-title":"Compassion focused therapy: Group therapy guidance","author":"Gilbert P."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1086"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-006x.59.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032355"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70772-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2017.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291714002141"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","volume-title":"Cognitive\u2010behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder","author":"Linehan M. M.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2019.101808"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-019-01266-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2357"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298860902979307"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","first-page":"750","article-title":"Klinische dialectische gedragstherapie bij borderlinepersoonlijkheidsstoornis: Effect op klachten, coping, hechting en kwaliteit van leven","volume":"59","author":"Oostendorp J. M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","unstructured":"Pol S. M. Pots W. T. M. &Bohlmeijer E.(2020).Compassion focused therapy: Group protocol. University of Twente."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23070"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","unstructured":"Pustejovsky J. E. Chen M. &Hamilton B.(2021).scdhlm: A web\u2010based calculator for between\u2010case standardized mean differences(version 0.5.2). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/jepusto.shinyapps.io\/scdhlm"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.702"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248409"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2019_33_397"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-011-0111-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000514"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012955.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","unstructured":"Telepsy(2014).screening questionnaire.https:\/\/www.embloom.nl\/lionarons-ggz-screening-aa-de-voordeur-met-embloom\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4073\/cmdp.2016.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000374"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2586"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","volume-title":"Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide","author":"Young J. E.","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Personality and Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmh.1597","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T01:45:49Z","timestamp":1707702349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pmh.1597"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pmh.1597"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmh.1597","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-8621","1932-863X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-8621","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-863X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}