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To date, factors determining the pathogenicity and virulence of leptospires remain unclear. We performed a gel\u2010based proteomic analysis to evaluate differential leptospiral proteomes in the pathogenic <jats:italic>L. interrogans<\/jats:italic> (serovars Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, and Icterohaemorrhagiae) and the non\u2010pathogenic <jats:italic>L. biflexa<\/jats:italic> (serovar Patoc). Quantitative proteome analysis and MS protein identification revealed 42 forms of 33 unique proteins whose levels were significantly greater in the pathogenic serovars compared with the non\u2010pathogenic serovar. Among the four pathogenic serovars, the more virulent serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae (which is most commonly associated with severe leptospirosis in patients) had significantly greater levels of 14 forms of 12 unique proteins, when compared with the other three pathogenic serovars. Some of these identified proteins may serve as the pathogenic and\/or virulence factors of leptospirosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700855","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,3]],"date-time":"2009-07-03T09:39:36Z","timestamp":1246613976000},"page":"3522-3534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Analysis of differential proteomes in pathogenic and non\u2010pathogenic <i>Leptospira<\/i>: Potential pathogenic and virulence factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Visith","family":"Thongboonkerd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wararat","family":"Chiangjong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Putita","family":"Saetun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Supachok","family":"Sinchaikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shui\u2010Tein","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uraiwan","family":"Kositanont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"79","article-title":"Typing leptospira from the perspective of a reference laboratory","volume":"60","author":"Terpstra W. 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