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This study aims to expand the known limits of the HLA\u2010B*27 peptidome to facilitate selection and testing of new peptides, possibly involved in the disease. The HLA peptidomes of HeLa and C1R cell lines stably transfected with the AS\u2010associated HLA\u2010B*27:05 allele, the nonassociated HLA\u2010B*27:09 allele, or their cysteine 67 to serine mutants (C67S), are analyzed on a very large scale. In addition, the peptidomes of HLA\u2010B*27:05 and HLA\u2010B*27:05\u2010C67S are analyzed from the spleens of rats transgenic for these alleles. The results indicate that C67S mutation increases the percentage of peptides with glutamine or lysine at their P2 position (P2\u2010Lys), in both HLA\u2010B*27:05 and HLA\u2010B*27:09. Furthermore, a small fraction of HLA\u2010B*27 peptides contains lysine at their second position (P2), in addition to the more commonly found peptides with arginine (P2\u2010Arg) or the less common glutamine (P2\u2010Gln) located at this anchor position. Overall these data indicate that peptides with P2\u2010Lys should be considered as real ligands of HLA\u2010B*27 molecules and taken into account while looking for putative peptides implicated in the AS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201700249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,2]],"date-time":"2018-02-02T06:22:39Z","timestamp":1517552559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Peptide Repertoire of HLA\u2010B27 may include Ligands with Lysine at P2 Anchor Position"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Shira","family":"Yair\u2010Sabag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Tedeschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Biotechnology \u201cC. Darwin\u201d Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Vitulano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Biotechnology \u201cC. Darwin\u201d Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eilon","family":"Barnea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Technion\u2013Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Glaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit The Lorry I. 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