{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:11:48Z","timestamp":1788999108111,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Balance impairment is a common feature in people with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting the performance of daily\u2010life and physical activities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To (1) explore the absolute and relative intrasession reliability of two balance tests to assess dynamic and static balance in ambulant para\u2010athletes with CP; (2) explore the relationships between the two balance tests to determine potential application in sport classification; (3) assess the differences between CP profiles (ie, spastic diplegia, athetosis\/ataxia, and spastic hemiplegia) in comparison to those with a minimum impairment; and (4) compare the outcomes of the static and dynamic balance of ambulant para\u2010athletes with CP regarding controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A group of 129 male well\u2010trained para\u2010footballers with CP, classified as Level I according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System, participated in the present study. Static balance was assessed using the One\u2010Leg Stance test, performed bilaterally on a force platform, and the dynamic balance was assessed in two conditions of the Tandem Walk test (TW): walking heel\u2010toe contact over a 5\u00a0\u2010m straight line and performing 10 steps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderate\u2010to\u2010excellent intrasession reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient\u00a0=\u00a00.60\u20130.98) was obtained for all the measurements and groups. However, only small to moderate correlations were found between the dynamic and the static measurements of balance for the CP group when performing the One\u2010Leg Stance test with the unimpaired or dominant leg (0.23\u2009&lt;\u2009<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.30; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). The TW performed over 10 steps revealed more sensitivity to discriminate between CP profiles. Those para\u2010athletes with ataxia\/athetosis performed worse in all the tests whereas all CP profiles performed worse than the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Balance performance and postural control are constrained to a higher extent in those with impaired voluntary control due to ataxia or with involuntary contractions of the muscles due to athetosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T08:18:00Z","timestamp":1613636280000},"page":"366-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Dynamic and static stability in para\u2010athletes with cerebral palsy considering their impairment profile"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0279-7802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Reina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez University  Elche Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Barbado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez University  Elche Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Dav\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez University  Elche Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Roldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Sports Research Centre Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez University  Elche Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1964.tb10791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy","volume":"109","author":"Rosenbaum P","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-3016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.tb12626.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"343","volume-title":"ACSM\u02bcs Exercise Management for Persons with Chronic Diseases and Disabilities","author":"Laskin JL","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Evidence\u2010based classification in paralympic sport: application to football\u20107\u2010a\u2010side","volume":"32","author":"Reina R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Mov"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17518423.2012.725107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2015.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17518423.2013.827755"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.32.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"CallahanRT. 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