{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T23:51:16Z","timestamp":1778975476137,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A common sequela of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) is an elbow flexion contracture. Youth with BPBI and their families face rehabilitation or surgical decisions that ideally entail careful deliberation of the risks and benefits of treatment within the context of the child's and family's functional and appearance\u2010related goals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop a patient decision aid (PtDA) following International Patient Decision Aid Standards to help these youth and their families make treatment decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mixed\u2010methods study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brachial plexus clinic in a pediatric tertiary care center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five young adults (21\u201324\u2009years), 14 youth (8\u201319\u2009years) and their parents, 15 families (children 2\u201316\u2009years), and 19 clinicians from a brachial plexus clinic participated in the PtDA development. Seventeen other youth (8\u201318\u2009years) facing treatment decisions regarding their elbow contracture field tested the PtDA prototype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>In\u2010depth interviews and participant observation to conduct a decisional needs assessment of young adults, youth, parents, and health care professionals involved in these shared decisions. Cognitive interviews to field test the PtDA prototype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence from previously conducted knowledge synthesis and the youth\u2010focused decisional needs assessment qualitative data informed the development of new PtDA prototype, which included a questionnaire\u2010based values clarification method for youth to rate what matters most to them regarding their elbow function, appearance, psychosocial impact, and treatment options. The majority (90%) of youth &gt;11\u2009years who field tested the PtDA prototype understood its content, whereas only 29% of those between 8 and 11\u2009years demonstrated independent comprehension. The majority (69%) responded that they would prefer to use the PtDA on their own either at home or in the clinic waiting room.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This new PtDA can be used to help youth with BPBI and their families to make a personal value\u2010based informed decision regarding treatment options for their elbow flexion contracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T11:44:12Z","timestamp":1626263052000},"page":"971-986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Developing a decision aid for youth with brachial plexus birth injuries facing treatment decisions for an elbow flexion contracture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4082-1770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily S.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet A.","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Davidge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard M.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The Hospital for Sick Children  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret L.","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. 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