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The purpose of this review is to provide up\u2010to\u2010date information regarding SM with emphasis on neuro\u2010oncology and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients, given they are at high risk of experiencing SM following routine treatment with steroids. Our work is a combination of a comprehensive narrative review regarding etiology, pathogenesis, incidence, clinical presentation and treatment options for SM and a scoping review on exercise therapy for SM. We have identified 24 in vivo studies of different exercise modalities in the settings of glucocorticosteroid treatment. Twenty of 24 studies demonstrated decreased muscle catabolism with exercise training. Both endurance and resistance exercises at mild to moderate intensity were beneficial. The value of high\u2010intensity activities remains questionable as it may worsen muscle atrophy. Rehabilitation interventions, along with pharmacologic and dietary considerations, may be beneficial in preventing or reversing SM. Potential adverse events of some of these interventions and expected caveats in translating findings in preclinical models to human settings warrant caution and demand controlled clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.13133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T12:58:35Z","timestamp":1708520315000},"page":"908-918","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Steroid myopathy and rehabilitation in patients with cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3788-1484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Tsetlina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, NewYork\u2010Presbyterial Columbia Irving Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray 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