{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:51:22Z","timestamp":1791870682823,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82372492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82372492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common musculoskeletal injury associated with static balance deficits. The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is commonly used to assess static balance in individuals with CAI. However, the sensitivity of BESS in detecting balance deficits in CAI is unknown. This study compared BESS performance between people with CAI and controls and investigated which stances most effectively identified balance deficits in individuals with CAI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Literature Survey<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven electronic databases (Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched from July 13, 2023, to September 10, 2023, using the <jats:italic>ankle instability<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>balance<\/jats:italic> related terms as keywords to search original studies and perform a systematic review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies that compared BESS scores between individuals with CAI and healthy controls were systematically identified. Extracted data included study characteristics, participant demographics, and assessment details. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect sizes to compare groups for the BESS components used to assess CAI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six studies met the eligibility criteria. The double\u2010leg foam stance yielded an SMD of \u22120.02 (95% CI: \u22120.32 to 0.29), with an <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> value of 3.5%. Significant differences between groups were noted in the single foam (SMD\u2009=\u20090.89; 95% CI: 0.33\u20131.45; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200978.3%) and single firm (SMD\u2009=\u20090.62; 95% CI: 0.14\u20131.10; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200972.1%) performances, although both demonstrated high heterogeneity. Conversely, the tandem foam (SMD\u2009=\u20090.77; 95% CI: 0.51\u20131.02; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.0%) and tandem firm (SMD\u2009=\u20090.38; 95% CI: 0.11\u20130.68; <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200923.8%) performances showed small to moderate between\u2010group differences with considerably lower heterogeneity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review indicates that tandem stances on foam and firm surfaces in the BESS are reliable indicators of static balance deficits in individuals with CAI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.13235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T08:59:24Z","timestamp":1722675564000},"page":"76-87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Balance Error Scoring System in the assessment of chronic ankle stability: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao'ao","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weichu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0767-1267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yinghui","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.47B4.678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Dynamic postural stability in subjects with braced, functionally unstable ankles","volume":"41","author":"Wikstrom EA","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfmk7030053"},{"issue":"65","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1265","article-title":"Multidisciplinary protocol for the management of fibromyalgia associated with imbalance. Our experience and literature review","volume":"2019","author":"Chiaramonte R","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Evaluation of postural control impairment using balance error scoring system among athletes with ankle injury: an effective tool in daily clinical practice","volume":"163","author":"Vikram M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Ter"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640019850618"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.8.2.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.19.2556"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"320","article-title":"Current trends in athletic training practice for concussion assessment and management","volume":"40","author":"Notebaert AJ","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Comparison of static and dynamic balance in female collegiate soccer, basketball, and gymnastics athletes","volume":"42","author":"Bressel E","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200605000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e3181c12c7b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/19425864-20150831-04"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738111403122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.18.4.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2012.3729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2023.36"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.0303"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"et al. The Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta\u2010analyses[J]","volume":"2","author":"Peterson J","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ottawa: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","article-title":"Closing the quality gap: revisiting the state of the science (vol. 3: quality improvement interventions to address health disparities)","author":"McPheeters M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evidence Report\/Technology Assessment"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-6988.2005.00026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/19425864-20190207-03"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-48.6.09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2023.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-023-00669-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23279095.2013.867265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231202220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504268137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/asjsm.34515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2019-0147"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31818efbb2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14763141.2021.1954237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20150160"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2014.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2012.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199911000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-46.2.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0111-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2012.09.005"}],"container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmrj.13235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T10:30:10Z","timestamp":1736937010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pmrj.13235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pmrj.13235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmrj.13235","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-1482","1934-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-1482","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}