{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:45:26Z","timestamp":1791805526414,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women have historically comprised lower percentages of sports science research participants compared to men. Lateral ankle sprains (LAS) are a common musculoskeletal injury that may affect women more than men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary purpose was to assess the representation of women participants in LAS research. The secondary purpose was to analyze the representation of women as authors in this same work.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic reviews on LAS in adults published between May 2013 and April 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven systematic reviews on LAS with 77 unique original research studies (10,080 participants, 335 authors) met inclusion criteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Not applicable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main outcomes were the proportion of women as participants and in author roles (primary, senior, and overall).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women were underrepresented as participants (41%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094150). Women were also the minority gender\/sex for authors overall (26%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200986) as well as primary (32%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) and senior (29%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919) authors. No clear increase in the inclusion of women as research participants was observed over time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.4), nor was there a significant increase in women authors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.1). A greater proportion of participants were women when the primary author was a woman (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women are underrepresented in LAS research overall, and there is a lack of clear progress in representation over time. Similarly, women are a minority of study authors and data suggest a possible temporal trend of improvement. Efforts should be made to increase the proportion of women included in LAS research in order to support equitable evidence\u2010based care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.13349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T13:07:28Z","timestamp":1742735248000},"page":"952-960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gender\/sex differences: Representation of women in lateral ankle sprain research"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8707-5034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole B.","family":"Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital  Charlestown Massachusetts 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