{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:41:07Z","timestamp":1789882867716,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Balance training with visual occlusion positively affects the improvement of proprioception and reduction of visual dependence in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, the effect of visual occlusion balance training alone on postural control in individuals with CAI remains controversial. This review conducted a meta\u2010analysis of existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the influence of balance training with visual occlusion on the postural control of individuals with CAI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Literature Survey<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang database were searched until July 20, 2024. RCTs were eligible if they compared the effects of balance training with visual occlusion with balance training on the postural control of individuals with CAI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The following information from the included articles was extracted: basic study information, interventions, and outcomes. The primary outcomes included Y\u2010balance test (YBT) distance and center of pressure (COP) area, and the secondary outcomes were Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eight RCTs were included in this work. The results show that balance training with visual occlusion significantly improved YBT distance (standardized mean difference [SMD]\u2009=\u20090.40 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23\u20130.57],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and CAIT scores (mean difference [MD]\u2009=\u20093.03 [95% CI, 1.76\u20134.29],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) in individuals with CAI compared with balance training alone. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the COP area (SMD\u2009=\u20090.18 [95% CI, 0.51\u20130.86],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.62) and FAAM scores (MD\u2009=\u20091.79 [95% CI, \u22120.03 to 3.62],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with balance training alone, balance training with visual occlusion may help improve the dynamic postural control ability of individuals with CAI. However, its effect on static postural control ability still needs further study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.13413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T09:01:47Z","timestamp":1750150907000},"page":"1494-1504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effects of balance training with visual occlusion on postural control in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-8209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lulu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixue","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.2.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2555-1-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0102-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2018.1409604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516628870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-100070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096189"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-447-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0781-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63916-5.00002-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2021.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24463"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2015.5549"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.21.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102474\u20109\u201076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181872d89"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096534"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155211022009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0850-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0379.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00516.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1750984X.2019.1582081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","unstructured":"LiWJ.Effects of balance training with strobe visual interference on proprioception in patients with functional ankle instability. Guangzhou Sport University.2024. doi:10.27042\/d.cnki.ggztc.2024.000178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7647"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4425-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18105364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-0605.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","unstructured":"SunXH.Study on rehabilitation effect of balance training with visual disturbance on patients with chronic ankle instability.2023Wuhan Sports university.https:\/\/link.cnki.net\/doi\/10.27384\/d.cnki.gwhtc.2023.000417."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effects of stroboscopic training in athletes with chronic ankle instability","volume":"1","author":"Uzla\u015f\u0131r S","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Athl Ther Train"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Effect of balance training with different visual conditions on proprioception in patients with chronic ankle instability","volume":"29","author":"Wu YH","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin J Tissue Eng Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120983606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2023.111509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2017-0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2017.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2021.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/19425864-20131030-02"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002543"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0313k.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2011.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2008.01850.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199712010-00002"}],"container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmrj.13413","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T13:46:41Z","timestamp":1766065601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pmrj.13413"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pmrj.13413"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmrj.13413","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-1482","1934-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-1482","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}