{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T04:53:51Z","timestamp":1781499231820,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PM&amp;R"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Prosthetists and other rehabilitation specialists often need to identify which aspects of mobility should be prioritized in order to make meaningful changes in a patient's health outcomes. By comparing a patient's responses on the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS\u2010M) to predicted responses, clinicians can identify areas for improvement and provide more targeted rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To generate PLUS\u2010M T\u2010score maps based on patient presentation (ie, etiology and amputation level) to provide guidance on the next steps in a patient's rehabilitation care.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n A frequency response method was used to generate PLUS\u2010M T\u2010score maps. The maps predicted the most probable response to each item on the PLUS\u2010M based on the T\u2010score. The maps were then tested using a separate test dataset. Accuracy was evaluated by comparing differences and Spearman correlation coefficients between predicted and actual scores.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Clinical orthotics and prosthetics care.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n \n Maps were generated based on a training dataset from a large sample (\n N<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200928,719) of patients with lower limb amputation. A separate test dataset (\n N<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200926,535) was used to test the model. Individuals were included in the training and test datasets if they were adults with unilateral above\u2010knee or below\u2010knee amputation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interventions<\/jats:title>\n Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n PLUS\u2010M 12\u2010item short form (v1.2).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n PLUS\u2010M T\u2010score maps were generated for two amputation levels (above and below knee) and two etiologies (dysvascular and nondysvascular), in addition to one for all patients. PLUS\u2010M T\u2010score maps predicted patient scores with high accuracy (difference scores >91.5% and Spearman correlation coefficients >0.801).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Clinicians can use the developed PLUS\u2010M T\u2010score maps to better understand patients' mobility. This insight can help clinicians improve care by identifying key rehabilitation goals for their patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.70052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T09:55:18Z","timestamp":1767606918000},"page":"646-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Creating adjusted scores targeting\n mobility<\/scp>\n empowerment (\n CASTLE<\/scp>\n 2): Using response probabilities to expand interpretation of prosthetic limb users survey of mobility (\n PLUS<\/scp>\n \u2010M) scores for individuals with lower limb amputation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-0246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bretta L.","family":"Fylstra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanger Institute for Clinical Research and Education Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6175-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian J.","family":"Hafner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Saenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanger Institute for Clinical Research and Education Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane R.","family":"Wurdeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanger Institute for Clinical Research and Education Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640802024955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364617736089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640308726681"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2753.1999.00209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-022-00518-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2015.12.0228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PXR.0000000000000059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PXR.0000000000000201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PXR.0000000000000177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.02.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","article-title":"Cross\u2010cultural adaptation and validation of the nepali version of the prosthetic limb users survey of mobility short\u2010form (plus\u2010m\u2122\/nepali\u201012sf) in lower limb prosthesis users","volume":"6","author":"Bajracharya AR","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can Prosthet Orthot J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001925"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2023.2208376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-020-0181-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.00192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002364"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS\u2010M\u2122) Version 1.2 Short Forms Users Guide. September 16 2022.http:\/\/www.plus-m.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01593882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1851400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364617728118"}],"container-title":["PM&R"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmrj.70052","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/pmrj.70052","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pmrj.70052","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T04:19:24Z","timestamp":1781497164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pmrj.70052"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pmrj.70052"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmrj.70052","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-1482","1934-1563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-1482","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-1563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}