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When postnatally diagnosed, it may cause stress and changes in care, potentially influencing mental health. Prenatally diagnosed cancer could lead to maternal stress and treatment, or influence foetal neural development. This study investigates associations between prenatally or postnatally diagnosed maternal cancers and mental and behavioural disorders in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study composed of 2\u00a0158\u00a0430 children born in Denmark (1978\u20102012). Children were exposed if their mother received a cancer diagnosis prenatally (2\u00a0years prepartum, until birth) or postnatally (birth, until 18\u00a0years postpartum). Further analyses considered cancer types and diagnostic delays. Children were followed until 18\u00a0years of age or the first of the following: diagnosis of a mental or behavioural disorder, emigration, death, end of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During follow\u2010up 79\u00a0682 (3.7%) children were diagnosed with mental or behavioural disorders. There was an increased risk among offspring exposed to postnatally diagnosed cancers (HR 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00\u20101.11); for prenatally diagnosed cancers HR was 1.07 (0.87\u20101.31). The strongest associations for disorder types were for prenatal diagnoses with mood\/affective disorders (HR 2.45; 1.02\u20105.89) and postnatal diagnoses with mood\/affective disorders (HR 1.43; 1.14\u20101.79).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate a link between maternal cancer occurrence during pregnancy or early postnatal life, and mental and behavioural disorders in offspring. This association could be driven by common factors in the two periods, such as psychological stress or genetic factors. No specific foetal programming was identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T10:09:20Z","timestamp":1543918160000},"page":"408-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mental and behavioural disorders in the children of mothers diagnosed with cancer: A <scp>Danish<\/scp> population\u2010based register study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9832-8500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie C.","family":"Momen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"NCRR\u2010The National Center for Register\u2010based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Business and Social Science Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of California  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linn H.","family":"Arendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rn","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of California  Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Services Department THL National Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine Karolinska Institute  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Research Centre for Child Psychiatry University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia H.","family":"Ramlau\u2010Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.3127"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"4025","article-title":"Impact of parental cancer on children","volume":"37","author":"Shah BK","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200202000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.038943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-0956-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf176"},{"issue":"7239","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"941","article-title":"Maternal nutrition and birth weight. 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