{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T05:23:11Z","timestamp":1784697791369,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a serious complication causing acute respiratory distress in the premature infant, and it is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The role of inflammatory mediators in this condition is largely undefined. Serial tracheal aspirates (TA) were obtained at intervals from 65 mechanically ventilated infants with birth weights less than 1,250 g during the first 21 days of life. Clinically significant PH developed in 15 infants. TA concentrations of interleukin\u20108 (IL\u20108) and monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 (MCP\u20101) were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>PH was associated with an increased risk of death, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, and prolonged need for mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen. TA aspirate concentrations of IL\u20108 and MCP\u20101 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001, ANOVA) were significantly increased in infants with PH compared to infants who did not develop this condition. TA cytokine concentrations were also significantly increased in infants who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Peak TA concentrations of IL\u20108 and MCP\u20101 were significantly higher in infants with poor outcome (BPD or death). TA MCP\u20101 but not IL\u20108 concentrations were significantly higher in infants who were oxygen\u2010dependent at 36 weeks postconceptional age.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These data suggest a pathogenic role for IL\u20108 and MCP\u20101 in the development of adverse pulmonary outcome in preterm infants with clinically significant PH. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002; 34:131\u2013137. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,6]],"date-time":"2002-10-06T11:42:41Z","timestamp":1033904561000},"page":"131-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Increased interleukin\u20108 and monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 concentrations in mechanically ventilated preterm infants with pulmonary hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"R. 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