{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T04:05:29Z","timestamp":1767585929319},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,3]],"date-time":"2003-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our objective was to determine the safety and efficacy of aerosol beclomethasone vs. systemic dexamethasone for extubation in premature infants at high risk for chronic lung disease (CLD). Intubated preterm infants who were identified as being at high risk for moderate\u2010severe CLD on day 14 of life were randomized to one of four groups. The control group received systemic dexamethasone and aerosol placebo, while the other three groups received either high (2.40\u20133.69 \u03bcg\/kg\/day delivered to lungs), medium (1.0\u20131.85 \u03bcg\/kg\/day), or low (0.48\u20130.74 \u03bcg\/kg\/day) dose aerosol beclomethasone and systemic placebo. Those receiving aerosol steroids who remained ventilator\u2010dependent after 7 days were switched to standard 42\u2010day tapering doses of systemic dexamethasone. The primary outcome was extubation within 1 week of starting steroids, using predefined criteria. Secondary variables included changes in lung function, rates of side effects, and tracheal aspirate white blood cell counts. Sixty\u2010one infants with birth weights of 761\u2009\u00b1\u200918 g (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SEM) and gestational ages of 25.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 weeks were randomized to one of the four groups. Seven of 15 infants in the control systemic dexamethasone group were successfully extubated compared with 3\/16 in the high\u2010dose beclomethasone group, 1\/15 in the medium\u2010dose group, and 2\/15 in the low\u2010dose group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Only dexamethasone subjects demonstrated improvements in lung function over the study period. These infants also had significant increases in blood pressure and blood glucose levels, as well as a decline in their tracheal aspirate white blood cell count. In conclusion, aerosol beclomethasone at the very low doses used in this study did not facilitate extubation in intubated premature infants at high risk for moderate\u2010severe CLD. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003; 35:375\u2013383. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,7]],"date-time":"2003-04-07T15:03:25Z","timestamp":1049727805000},"page":"375-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Randomized controlled trial of three different doses of aerosol beclomethasone versus systemic dexamethasone to promote extubation in ventilated premature infants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Henry J.","family":"Rozycki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Byron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greg R.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary R.","family":"Gutcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92139-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.75.1.106","article-title":"Controlled trial of dexamethasone in respirator\u2010dependent infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"75","author":"Avery GB","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198906083202301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(09)90024-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.5_Pt_1.1044"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.1_Spec_No.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01957907"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.1.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310051081"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199804163381604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.1.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70410-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.9.3078","article-title":"Detection of alveolar macrophage\u2010derived IL\u20101 beta in asthma. 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