{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T23:03:21Z","timestamp":1774911801160,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,22]],"date-time":"2001-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":985219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare albuterol delivery in a neonatal ventilated lung model, using three delivery methods: 1) jet nebulizer; 2) chlorofluorocarbon\u2010pressurized metered dose inhaler (CFC\u2010MDI) actuated into an ACE\u00ae spacer; and 3) hydrofluoroalkane\u2010pressurized MDI (HFA\u2010MDI) actuated into an ACE\u00ae spacer. The bench model consisted of a mechanically ventilated infant test lung with ventilator settings to simulate a very low birth weight neonate with moderate lung disease. Albuterol solution (0.5%) was nebulized at the humidifier and temperature port, 125 cm and 30 cm from the Y\u2010piece, respectively. Albuterol metered dose inhalers (MDIs) were actuated into an ACE\u00ae spacer that was tested in two positions: 1) inline between the endotracheal (ET) tube and the Y\u2010piece; and 2) attached to the ET tube and administered by manual ventilation. Albuterol was collected on a filter at the distal end of the ET tube and was quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Albuterol delivery by CFC\u2010MDI (position 1, 4.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0%, vs. position 2, 3.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) and HFA\u2010MDI (position 1, 5.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6%, vs. position 2, 5.5\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) were significantly greater than delivery by nebulization at 30 cm (0.16\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07%) and 125 cm (0.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03%) from the Y\u2010piece (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A single actuation of albuterol MDI delivered the equivalent of nebulizing 2.5\u20133.7 mg of albuterol solution.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We conclude that albuterol administered by MDI and ACE\u00ae spacer resulted in more efficient delivery than by nebulization in this mechanically ventilated neonatal lung model. There was no significant difference in drug delivery between CFC\u2010MDI and HFA\u2010MDI; nor did the placement of the spacer significantly affect drug delivery. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001; 31:247\u2013254. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T21:30:12Z","timestamp":1030311012000},"page":"247-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Albuterol delivery in a neonatal ventilated lung model: Nebulization versus chlorofluorocarbon\u2010 and hydrofluoroalkane\u2010pressurized metered dose inhalers*"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ralph A.","family":"Lugo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie K.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John 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