{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T05:23:13Z","timestamp":1784697793963,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,12]],"date-time":"2004-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1073865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammation is one of the primary processes underlying respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and its evolution into bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Recruitment and subsequent activation of macrophages in the lung are mediated by CC chemokines. The role of CC chemokines has not been extensively studied in the course of RDS. Serial tracheal aspirates (TA) were obtained from 56 mechanically ventilated infants with birth weights less than 1,500 g during intervals in the first 21 days of life. Tracheal aspirate concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant proteins\u20101,2,3 (MCP\u20101,2,3) and macrophage inflammatory proteins\u20101\u03b1 and \u20101\u03b2 (MIP\u20101\u03b1, MIP\u20101\u03b2) were determined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Tracheal aspirate concentrations of MCP\u20101, MCP\u20102, MCP\u20103, and MIP\u20101\u03b2 increased during the first week of life in infants with RDS, whereas MIP\u20101\u03b1 concentrations did not increase appreciably. Increased TA cytokine concentrations were associated with the development of BPD. Maximal TA concentrations of MCP\u20101, MCP\u20102, MCP\u20103, MIP\u20101\u03b1, and MIP\u20101\u03b2 were significantly higher in infants who were oxygen\u2010dependent at 28 postnatal days compared to infant who were not. Similarly, maximal TA MCP\u20101, MCP\u20102, and MCP\u20103 but not MIP\u20101\u03b1 and MIP\u20101\u03b2 concentrations were significantly higher in infants who were oxygen\u2010dependent at 36 weeks of postconceptional age (PCA) than those who were not oxygen\u2010dependent at 36 weeks PCA. Histologic chorioamnionitis and isolation of <jats:italic>Ureaplasma urealyticum<\/jats:italic> from the airways were associated with higher maximal TA concentrations of MIP\u20101\u03b1 and MIP\u20101\u03b2. Pulmonary hemorrhage was associated with increased maximal concentrations of MCP\u20101, MCP\u20102, and MCP\u20103. These data suggest a role for CC chemokines in the development of BPD in the newborn infant. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004; 37:137\u2013148. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.10417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,13]],"date-time":"2004-01-13T12:01:44Z","timestamp":1073995304000},"page":"137-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["CC chemokine concentrations increase in respiratory distress syndrome and correlate with development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"R. 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