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Responders could not be differentiated from nonresponders by family histories of atopy, eosinophil counts, or immunoglobulin levels in blood and nasal secretions. Eighty\u2010three per cent of the families and 54% of the mothers of the infants were smokers. Babies of smoking mothers had lower specific conductances than did those of nonsmoking mothers but showed no differences in bronchodilator response. 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