{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:18:26Z","timestamp":1791814706249,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,21]],"date-time":"2005-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3915,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed six spirometric data sets collected in the Netherlands, Austria, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Italy. The objectives were to establish whether (1) it was possible to describe spirometric indices from childhood to adulthood, taking into account the adolescent growth spurt, and (2) there are systematic differences in ventilatory function between children and adolescents in different parts of Western Europe. The study comprised 2,269 girls and 3,592 boys, aged 6\u201321 years. The range in standing height was 110\u2013185 in girls, 110\u2013205 in boys. The model applicable to all data sets was In FVC or In FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> = a + (b + c \u00b7 A)\u00b7 H, where H = standing height and A = age; this model prevents the phase shift between the adolescent growth spurt in length and lung volume from leading to an age\u2010dependent bias in predicted values. There was surprising agreement between most of the data sets; systematic differences are probably due to technical factors arising from ATPS\u2010BTPS corrections and from defining the end of breath with pneumotachometer systems. Taking those into account, prediction equations for FVC, FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, and FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>%FVC were developed with \u201clower limits of normal\u201d which should be applicable to children and adolescents of European descent. It is proposed that the approach of analyzing available data sets should also be applied to other ventilatory indices, data collected in adults and elderly subjects, or in other ethnic groups, and that an international data base be set up to that end. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950190209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T20:12:31Z","timestamp":1173211951000},"page":"135-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["Spirometric reference values for white European children and adolescents: Polgar revisited"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ph. H.","family":"Quanjer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. J. J. M.","family":"Borsboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Brunekreef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Forche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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Report Working Party \u201cStandardization of Lung Function Tests,\u201d European Community for Steel and Coal and European Respiratory Society","volume":"6","author":"Quanjer PhH","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80039-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.03010091","article-title":"Lung growth of pre\u2010adolescent children","volume":"3","author":"Smeets M","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.28.6.709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"894","article-title":"The effect of temperature on recording spirograms","volume":"128","author":"Pincock AC","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1983.55.4.1354","article-title":"BTPS correction factors for spirometric data","volume":"44","author":"Hankinson JL","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"1222","article-title":"Effects of spirometer temperature on FEV1 shift changes","volume":"28","author":"Hankinson JL","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Occup Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.38.8.592"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","volume-title":"Number Cruncher Statistical System","author":"Hintze JL","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014468200005951"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"290s","article-title":"Cohort effects and pulmonary reference values (abstract)","volume":"3","author":"Merkus PJFM","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"217","article-title":"Spirometric reference values from a Meditteranean population","volume":"22","author":"Roca J","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"451","article-title":"Reference values for vital capacity and flow\u2010volume curves from a general population study","volume":"22","author":"Paoletti P","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir."}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.1950190209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.1950190209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T21:21:07Z","timestamp":1698355267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.1950190209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.1950190209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.1950190209","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}}}