{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T11:25:40Z","timestamp":1772364340490,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,16]],"date-time":"2004-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1087344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive tidal volume (V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>) can lead to lung injury, hypocarbia, and neurologic damage. Volume guarantee (VG) uses exhaled V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> as the control variable to reduce the risk of volutrauma and more closely control PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that VG combined with assist\/control (A\/C) will maintain PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> within target range more consistently than assist\/control alone during the first 72 hr of life in ventilated preterm infants. Eligible infants were randomly assigned to A\/C\u2009+\u2009VG or A\/C alone. Data were recorded directly from the pressure and volume module of the Draeger Babylog 8000+ ventilator. Arterial blood gases were obtained every 2\u20136 hr, as clinically indicated. In A\/C, inspiratory pressure was adjusted to achieve a V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> of 4\u20136 ml\/kg. In VG, the target V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was 5 ml\/kg. Subsequent adjustments were made by the clinical team in response to arterial blood gas measurements (ABG). Proportion of breaths and PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values outside the target range were compared by \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, and continuous variables by <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test. There were no differences in demographic or baseline ventilator variables between the 18 infants in the two groups. For 1,805\/11,950 breaths (15.1%), V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was &gt; target with A\/C\u2009+\u2009VG, vs. 2,503\/9,853 (25.4%) with A\/C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was &lt; target for 21.7% of breaths with A\/C\u2009+\u2009VG, vs. 35.7% with A\/C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Twenty percent of PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values were &lt; target, with A\/C\u2009+\u2009VG vs. 36.3% with A\/C, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. The proportion of PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values &gt; target was similar in the two groups. Oxygenation and mean pH were not different. No complications related to mechanical ventilation were observed. In conclusion, VG significantly reduced hypocarbia and excessively large V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>. This suggests the potential to reduce pulmonary and neurologic complications of mechanical ventilation. Larger studies are needed to establish safety and demonstrate such benefits. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,16]],"date-time":"2004-06-16T16:01:26Z","timestamp":1087401686000},"page":"240-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Volume guarantee: Stability of tidal volume and incidence of hypocarbia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Keszler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kabir","family":"Abubakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"90","article-title":"Flow\u2010synchronized ventilation of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Donn SM","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70460-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.72.3.F188"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.3.8630564"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199611)22:5<305::AID-PPUL3>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70354-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(200001)29:1<11::AID-PPUL3>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.82.1.F5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"CD000456","article-title":"Synchronized mechanical ventilation for respiratory support in newborn infants","author":"Greenough A","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.100.2.531"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199305000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.5.1159"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/148.5.1194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.1.9604014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421801"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.1.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.90.4.515","article-title":"Mechanical ventilation in preterm infants. 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