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PPHN represents a common pathway of vascular injury activated by numerous perinatal stresses: hypoxia, hypoglycemia, cold stress, sepsis, and direct lung injury. As with other multifactorial diseases, a single inciting event may be augmented by multiple concurrent\/subsequent phenomena that result in differing courses of disease progression. I review the various mechanisms of vascular injury involved in neonatal pulmonary hypertension: endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypoxia, and mechanical strain, in the context of downstream effects on pulmonary vascular endothelial\u2010myocyte interactions and myocyte phenotypic plasticity. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]],"date-time":"2005-03-23T17:46:37Z","timestamp":1111599997000},"page":"492-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Pathophysiologic mechanisms of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Dakshinamurti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30039-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"211","article-title":"Physiology and pathophysiology of pulmonary circulation","volume":"6","author":"Mathew R","year":"1990","journal-title":"Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979604700408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"702","article-title":"Human postnatal pulmonary arterial remodeling. 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