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A number of observational studies and a childhood fish oil supplementation study provide little support for the notion that early childhood intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence the development of childhood asthma. Recent work however, suggests that supplementation of maternal diet with fish oil is associated with altered neonatal immune responses to allergens. Further work is required to establish whether this immunological observation is translated into clinical outcomes. Two birth cohorts have now reported reduced maternal intake of vitamin E, zinc and vitamin D during pregnancy to be associated with increased asthma and wheezing outcomes in children up to the age of 5 years. Early life diet could modulate the likelihood of childhood asthma by affecting fetal airway development and\/or influencing the initial early life interactions between allergens and the immune system. In animal models, vitamin E, zinc and vitamin D have been shown to modify fetal lung development and vitamin E, zinc, vitamin D and PUFA can modulate T\u2010cell responses. Further research, particularly, early life intervention studies need to be carried out to establish whether early life dietary intervention can be used as a public health measure to reduce the prevalence of childhood asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:663\u2013673. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,26]],"date-time":"2007-06-26T20:46:49Z","timestamp":1182890809000},"page":"663-673","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Early life events in asthma\u2014diet"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Graham","family":"Devereux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.01.069"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding (Cochrane Review)","author":"Kramer MS","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61364-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"Department of Environmental Farming and Rural Affairs.National Food Survey. 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