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We created DH in fetal rabbits at day 23 of gestation, administrated to the does all <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010retinoic acid (ATRA) or vehicle (VHC) intramuscularly for 8 consecutive days and harvested normal and operated (DH) fetuses at 31 d (n\u2009=\u20097 in each group). Normal lungs exposed to ATRA had increased surfactant protein mRNA levels without change in type II pneumocyte density. There was no measurable effect on lung\u2010to\u2010body weight ratio and airway morphometry by ATRA. In DH lungs (DH\/VHC) surfactant protein mRNA levels were increased, as well as the density of type II pneumocytes. When supplemented with ATRA (DH\/ATRA) these parameters returned to normal (VHC). Cell proliferation or apoptosis were not influenced by ATRA supplementation. In conclusion, maternal ATRA supplementation does not affect gross anatomic, morphologic or proliferation indices in hypoplastic lungs related to surgically induced DH in rabbit. However, ATRA lowers surfactant protein expression and normalizes type I\/II pneumocyte ratio to what is observed in normal lungs. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:594\u2013603. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,24]],"date-time":"2008-04-24T22:48:03Z","timestamp":1209077283000},"page":"594-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effects of maternal retinoic acid administration in a congenital diaphragmatic hernia rabbit model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Denis","family":"Gallot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Coste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Jani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xenia","family":"Roubliova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffroy","family":"Marceau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luka","family":"Velemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Verheyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Lemery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Sapin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Deprest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3863"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200204-304CC"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199809)26:3<204::AID-PPUL8>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1995.tb01988.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30205-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(04)61007-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-005-1571-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.9.8801176"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.1.4.462","article-title":"Multiple congenital malformations: a consideration of etiologic factors","volume":"1","author":"Warkany J","year":"1948","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(03)00048-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.10.2749","article-title":"Function of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) during development. 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