{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:15:31Z","timestamp":1774120531492,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]],"date-time":"2011-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bisa Research Grant of Keimyung University in 2010"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated serum cytokine levels in pediatric patients with pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 virus (H1N1) infection\u2010pneumonia and in pediatric patients with pneumonia but without H1N1 infection, and examined correlations between cytokine levels and clinical\/laboratory findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven cases of infection by H1N1 were confirmed by RT\u2010PCR and enrolled. Of these 57 cases, 26 had a severe H1N1 infection (group 1), and 31 had a mild H1N1 infection (group 2). Sera from 18 cases with pneumonia without H1N1 infection (group 3) were used as controls. The serum levels of 10 cytokines were determined by multiplex assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The serum levels of IFN\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106, and IP\u201010 were significantly higher in H1N1 infected cases than in group 3, and levels of IL\u20106 and IP\u201010 were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. The level of IL\u201010 was significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 than in group 2. However, levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201017 were not significantly different between the three groups. IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20104, and MIP\u20101\u03b1 were not detectable in most patients. IP\u201010 and IL\u20106 levels were found to show negative correlations with lymphocyte count and oxygen saturation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found higher levels of cytokines (IFN\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106, IP\u201010) of innate immunity than those of acquired immunity in pediatric H1N1 infection. Of the cytokines found to be increased in cases with H1N1 infection, IP\u201010 and IL\u20106 were found to be correlated with disease severity (lymphopenia and hypoxia). IP\u201010 and IL\u20106 may be important markers in pediatric H1N1 infection. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011; 46: 1233\u20131239. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]],"date-time":"2011-05-27T17:45:31Z","timestamp":1306518331000},"page":"1233-1239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Cytokine response in pediatric patients with pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 virus infection and pneumonia: Comparison with pediatric pneumonia without H1N1 2009 infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yeo Hyang","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung Chul","family":"Hyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904252"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903810"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0904559"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8208"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-1041-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).The management of acute respiratory infections in children: practical guidelines for outpatient care.1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.57.suppl_1.i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08260"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650581"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9324"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.67","article-title":"The first autopsy case of pandemic influenza (A\/H1N1pdm) virus infection in Japan: detection of a high copy number of the virus in type II alveolar epithelial cells by pathological and virological examination","volume":"63","author":"Nakajima N","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2010.01897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1541"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000216629.51563.f8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1727-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.7.2106014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.815"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.21496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.21496","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.21496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T00:10:53Z","timestamp":1697587853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.21496"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.21496"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.21496","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]}}}