{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T22:04:39Z","timestamp":1759010679269},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]],"date-time":"2011-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1315353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interferon\u2010\u03b3 (IFN\u2010\u03b3) release assay (IGRA) is used for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and for serial testing of active tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of IGRA for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of children with LTBI and children with TB. IGRA was performed in BCG vaccinated children before and six months after the beginning of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 59 BCG vaccinated children aged 4\u201318 years were investigated due to exposure to active TB. The participants were divided into two groups: Group 1, children with LTBI (N\u2009=\u200941), and Group 2, children with TB (N\u2009=\u200918). IGRA (QuantiFERON\u2010TB Gold In\u2010Tube) was performed twice, i.e., before treatment and at the end of prophylaxis and therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference in IFN\u2010\u03b3 concentrations between Group 1 and Group 2 subjects either before or after the treatment. Difference between pre\u2010treatment and post\u2010treatment IFN\u2010\u03b3 concentrations compared in either Group 1 or Group 2 was not statistically significant. During follow\u2010up, children with LTBI did not develop active TB. In addition, in children with TB, signs and symptoms of TB improved with anti\u2010TB therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study showed that the concentrations of IFN\u2010\u03b3 did not differ in children with LTBI and TB either before or at the end of treatment. IGRA may remain positive over a long period of time. It seems that IGRA is not useful for monitoring treatment of children with LTBI and children with TB. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:401\u2013408. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]],"date-time":"2011-09-07T21:02:53Z","timestamp":1315429373000},"page":"401-408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Serial interferon\u2010\u03b3 release assay in children with latent tuberculosis infection and children with tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Nata\u0173a","family":"Nenadi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Branka Kristi\u0107","family":"Kirin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivka Zori\u010di\u0107","family":"Letoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davor","family":"Plavec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata Zrinski","family":"Topi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slavica","family":"Dodig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Guidance for national tuberculosis programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children","volume":"10","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"658","article-title":"Tuberculosis immunology in children: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and opportunities","volume":"8","author":"Lewinsohn D","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"477","volume-title":"Paediatrics","author":"Marde\u0173i\u0107 D","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3618"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/426434"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.22.2756"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"376","article-title":"Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis in adults and children","volume":"1161","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-3-200808050-00241"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.10.0631"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.169805"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040208"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00153408"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updated guidelines for using Interferon Gamma Release Assays to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection \u2013 United States, 2010. 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