{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:46:11Z","timestamp":1787507171966,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"none"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess pulmonary function and its predictors in very low birth weight (birth weight \u22641,500\u2009g) children (VLBWc) with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), born at gestational age \u226432 weeks at a single tertiary center during 1996\u20131999, after the introduction of surfactant therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 120 surviving VLBW children, 48 (40%) VLBWc (22 with prior\u2010BPD) at age 8.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0 years and 46 age\u2010matched controls (8.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 years) born at term, underwent lung function study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adjusted values (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score) of forced vital capacity (z\u2010FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1\u2009sec (z\u2010FEV1), forced expiratory flow 25\u201375% (z\u2010FEF25\u201375), carbon monoxide lung diffusion capacity (z\u2010DLCO), and DLCO\/alveolar volume (z\u2010DLCO\/VA) were significantly lower than controls (mean difference, 95% CI: \u22121.35, \u22121.81 to \u22120.90,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u22121.31, \u22121.73 to \u22120.90,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u22120.87, \u22121.29 to \u22120.46,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u22120.98, \u22121.72 to \u22120.23,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u22120.70, \u22121.22 to \u22120.18,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05; respectively). Residual volume (z\u2010RV) and RV\/total lung capacity (RV\/TLC) ratio (%) were significantly higher in VLBWc than controls (mean difference, 95% CI: 1.06, 0.44 to 1.68,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; 9.54%, 5.73 to 13.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; respectively). No differences were found in lung function between VLBWc (no\u2010BPD vs. BPD) with the exception of a significant higher RV\/TLC ratio in the BPD\u2010subgroup (mean difference, 95% CI: 7.0%, 0.4 to 13%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Lung function abnormalities were found in 30 (63%) VLBWc with evidence of airway obstruction and diffusing capacity impairment. A weak relationship was observed between gestational age with z\u2010FVC (r\u2009=\u20090.30,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), birth weight with z\u2010FEV1 (r\u2009=\u20090.30,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) and RV\/TLC ratio (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.49,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). The duration of oxygen treatment correlated negatively with the z\u2010DLCO\/Va (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.5,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02). No differences were found in FeNO levels between VLBWc and controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VLBWc at school age showed lung function abnormalities characterized by airway obstruction, hyperinflation, and diffusion impairment. Neonatal lung damage together with preterm birth may play a role in worsening the functional respiratory outcome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:830\u2013837. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T12:36:37Z","timestamp":1352118997000},"page":"830-837","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Lung function outcome at school age in very low birth weight 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