{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T22:18:49Z","timestamp":1768688329439,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Healthcare technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["A092076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A092076"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Asthma is a chronic lower airway inflammatory disease. Nitric oxide is an inflammatory mediator produced endogenously in the airway. Previous studies have demonstrated that the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is increased in asthma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate if FeNO concentrations were correlated with wheezing phenotypes in preschool children and to compare the FeNO results with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and pulmonary function test (PFT) results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed skin prick tests, methacholine provocation tests, PFT, impulse oscillometry bronchodilator response (IOS BDR) tests, and FeNO measurements in 372 preschool children between the ages of 4 and 6 years. Wheezing phenotypes were defined according to the age of onset and persistency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Persistent wheezers had higher FeNO levels than transient wheezers and non\u2010wheezers. Among persistent wheezers, those with atopy and AHR had significantly higher FeNO levels than those without atopy or AHR. FeNO levels were significantly higher in late\u2010onset wheezers than early\u2010onset wheezers and non\u2010wheezers. Among late\u2010onset wheezers, those with atopy and AHR had a significantly higher FeNO concentration than those without atopy or AHR as well as those with either atopy or AHR. However, there were no significant differences in AHR, PFT, or IOS BDR between persistent and transient wheezers or between late\u2010onset wheezers and early\u2010onset wheezers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>FeNO may be a better marker for asthma phenotypes in preschool children than AHR and PFT results. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:563\u2013570. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T17:37:40Z","timestamp":1352137060000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide and wheezing phenotypes in preschool children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Mi\u2010Ae","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung 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