{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:24:20Z","timestamp":1790364260040,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,8]],"date-time":"2013-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 1995 the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study (TCRS) identified clinically distinct phenotypes amongst early wheezers; the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children (ALSPAC) has recently re\u2010examined these.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To validate statistically derived ALSPAC phenotypes in the Southampton Women's Survey (SWS) using infant and 6\u2010year lung function, and allergic sensitization at 1, 3, and 6 years, comparing these with TCRS phenotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complete 6\u2010year follow\u2010up data were available for 926 children, selected from 1,973 infants born to 12,579 women characterized pre\u2010conception. Ninety\u2010five children had V'maxFRC and FEV<jats:sub>0.4<\/jats:sub> measured age 5\u201314 weeks using rapid compression\/raised volume techniques. At 6 years we performed spirometry (n\u2009=\u2009791), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO, n\u2009=\u2009589) and methacholine challenge (n\u2009=\u2009234). Skin prick testing was performed at 12m, 3 and 6 years (n\u2009=\u20091,494, 1,255, 699, respectively). Using wheeze status questionnaire data at 6m, 12m, 2, 3 and 6 years we classified children into TCRS (never, transient early, persistent, late\u2010onset) and ALSPAC based groups (never, early, transient, intermediate\u2010onset, late\u2010onset, persistent).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amongst ALSPAC groups, persistent and late\u2010onset wheeze were associated with atopy at 3 and 6 years, whilst intermediate\u2010onset wheeze showed earlier atopic association at 1 year; all three were associated with FeNO at 6 years. Persistent wheezers had lower infant (V'maxFRC <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and 6\u2010year lung function (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/FVC, and FEF<jats:sub>25\u201375<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whilst late and intermediate\u2010onset wheezers showed no lung function deficits. Transient wheezers were non\u2010atopic but showed persistent lung function deficits (V'maxFRC in infancy, FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and FEF<jats:sub>25\u201375<\/jats:sub> at 6 years, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Those who wheezed only in the first year (early phenotype) showed no lung function deficits. No associations were seen with 6 years bronchial hyper\u2010responsiveness or infancy FEV<jats:sub>0.4<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SWS cohort data validates the statistically derived ALSPAC six\u2010class model. In particular, lung function and atopy successfully differentiate persistent, late\u2010onset and intermediate\u2010onset wheeze, whilst the Tucson \u201ctransient early\u201d wheeze phenotype can be sub\u2010classified into groups that reflect early lung function. Since the 4\u2010class model fails to adequately differentiate phenotypes based on lung function and atopy, we propose that strong consideration be given to using the 6\u2010class paradigm for longitudinal outcome work in wheezing with onset in early life. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:683\u2013692. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,8]],"date-time":"2013-02-08T10:34:56Z","timestamp":1360319696000},"page":"683-692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Validation of novel wheeze phenotypes using longitudinal airway function and atopic sensitization data in the first 6 years of life: Evidence from the Southampton Women's survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine C.","family":"Pike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazel M.","family":"Inskip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith 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