{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:06:03Z","timestamp":1790201163153,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Western Australia, State and Commonwealth Governments"},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowships","award":["1034703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1034703"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowships","award":["1024175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1024175"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowships","award":["545216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["545216"]}]},{"name":"Post-graduate scholarship","award":["1038415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1038415"]}]},{"name":"Centre for Research Excellence in Respiratory Health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children","award":["1040830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1040830"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> biofilms in lower airway specimens from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is well established. To date, biofilm has not been demonstrated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from people with non\u2010CF bronchiectasis. The aim of this study was to determine (i) if biofilm was present in BAL from children with and without bronchiectasis, and (ii) if biofilm detection differed between sequentially collected BAL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Testing for biofilm in two sequentially collected BAL from children with and without bronchiectasis was done using BacLight\u2122 live\u2013dead staining and lectin staining for extracellular polymeric biofilm matrices. Bacterial culture and cytological measures were performed on the first and second lavages, respectively. Clinically important BAL infection was defined as &gt;10<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\u2009cfu of respiratory pathogens\/ml BAL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biofilm was detected in BAL from seven of eight (87.5%) children with bronchiectasis (aged 0.8\u20136.9 years), but was not detected in any of three controls (aged 1.3\u20138.6 years). The biofilms contained both live and dead bacteria irrespective of antibiotic use prior to bronchoscopy. Biofilm was detected more frequently in the second lavage than the first. Three of the seven biofilm\u2010positive BAL were culture\u2010positive for respiratory pathogens at clinically important levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biofilm is present in BAL from children with non\u2010CF bronchiectasis even when BAL\u2010defined clinically important infection was absent. Studies to characterize lower airway biofilms and determine how biofilm contributes to bronchiectasis disease progression and treatment outcomes are necessary. <jats:bold>Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:284\u2013292.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T12:35:20Z","timestamp":1395146120000},"page":"284-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Detection of biofilm in bronchoalveolar lavage from children with non\u2010cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Robyn L.","family":"Marsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth B.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Institute for Child Health Research Centre for Child Health Research University of Western Australia Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi C.","family":"Smith\u2010Vaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Richmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Paediatrics and Child Health University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Telethon Institute for Child Health Research Centre for Child Health Research University of Western Australia Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Pizzutto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne B.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Northern Territory Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Respiratory Centre Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute Royal Children's Hospital Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2012.702755"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2010.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.136119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2010.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2012.00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21550"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.28.2.546-556.1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.21011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200509-1459OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.68.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.2.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-94"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Pneumococcal biofilms","volume":"12","author":"Moscoso M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2010.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00.15121700"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00318-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22544"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.1986.tb01565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6815-6-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2012.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00925.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00756-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2009.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Inflammation: a two\u2010edged sword\u2013\u2013the model of bronchiectasis","volume":"147","author":"Cole PJ","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.151431"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00607-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201719"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201104-0655OC"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Pulmonology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.23031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fppul.23031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ppul.23031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T17:33:31Z","timestamp":1696527211000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ppul.23031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ppul.23031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ppul.23031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-6863","1099-0496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-6863","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]]}}}